Effects of different land use patterns on the aboveground and underground biomass of vegetation in eastern Qilian Mountains
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The impacts of different land use patterns on the aboveground and underground biomass of alpine meadow in the eastern part of Qilian Mountains were studied.The five land use patterns,including natural grassland,returned farmland to naturally restorated grassland,slope farmland,abandoned cropland and sowed perennial grassland,were designed.The results showed there were significant differences in aboveground and underground biomass among 5 land use patterns.The order of aboveground biomass was slope farmlandsowed perennial grasslandnatural grasslandreturned farmland to naturally restorated grasslandabandoned cropland;The order of underground biomass was natural grasslandsowed perennial grasslandslope farmlandreturned farmland to naturally restorated grasslandabandoned cropland;Underground biomass moss mainly distributed within 0 to 10 cm soil layer.The relationship between aboveground biomass and vegetation coverage could be discribed as a quadratic function.The relationship between underground biomass and vegetation coverage could be discribed as a logarithmic function.The relationship between underground biomass and species number could be discribed as a quadratic function.The aboveground biomass was significantly(P0.05)correlated with vegetation coverage.The underground biomass was significantly(P0.05)respectively correlated with species and vegetation coverage.Cite
Study on the biomass of rangelands located on different vertical band spectrums in Zhaosu Horse Farm
The aboveground and underground biomass of different grassland types in Zhaosu Horse Farm was determined.The results indicated that the underground biomass was mostly distributed within 0 to 10 cm of soil layer and showed a T-shape distribution pattern.The underground biomass varied among different grassland types.The underground biomass varied greatly among different grassland types,while the aboveground biomass showed a little variation.The order of total biomass of different grassland types was sub-alpine meadow meadow on alluvial plain meadow in mid-mountain meadow in hill steppe in hill meadow steppe in hill steppe in river flat.
Steppe
Plough
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Biomass is the basis of the ecosystem functions,and serves as an indicator of ecosystem health.In order to evaluate the natural restoration of vegetation in north Shaanxi,a research was conducted in Yangou watershed,Yanan City on aboveground biomass of 5 types of secondary shrubs and 2 types of man-planted shrubs.The result shows that the higher biomass was found in shrub community with more species and higher cover.The spatial analysis of biomass over the watershed showed that the biomass on north facing slopes is higher than that on south facing slopes.On north facing slopes,the biomass increases from lower parts to upper parts;and it is higher in gully than that in hill ridges.The relation between aboveground biomass and productivity of 5 shrub communities was also established:Y=3.199 5+0.193 9X.
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The effect of pastureland shelterbelt on aboveground productivity and underground biomass in Siziwang county,Inner Mongolia was studied.The results indicated that the average ratios of the dominant grass species above-ground productivity(Stipa krylovii and Leymus chinensis in 13 grassland plots) to total grassland above-ground productivity decreased orderly in leeward(62.4±5.7%),under forest(36.1%) and windward(28.0±7.4%).The order of average aboveground productivity for windward,cultivated forest land and leeward grasslands was: forest productivity(3873 kg/hm2,including under forest grassland and forest productivity) leeward grasslands(1769±177 kg/hm2)windward grasslands(1588±47 kg/hm2).With increasing distance from cultivated forest to the plots,the aboveground productivity of leeward grasslands increased with increasing the distance(R2=0.97,p0.001),however,the aboveground productivity of windward grasslands didn't show obvious relationship with the distance.The underground biomass was mostly distributed in the 10cm in depth from the earth's surface(about 86%).With increasing distance from cultivated forest to plots,the roots of grass tend to the soil surface.
Windbreak
Leymus
Inner mongolia
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Abstract. In mountainous areas of southwestern China, especially Guizhou province, continuous, broadly distributed karst landscapes with harsh and fragile habitats often lead to land degradation. Research indicates that vegetation located in karst terrains has low aboveground biomass and land degradation that reduces vegetation biomass, but belowground biomass measurements are rarely reported. Using the soil pit method, we investigated the root biomass of karst vegetation in five land cover types: grassland, grass–scrub tussock, thorn–scrub shrubland, scrub–tree forest, and mixed evergreen and deciduous forest in Maolan, southern Guizhou province, growing in two different soil-rich and rock-dominated habitats. The results show that roots in karst vegetation, especially the coarse roots, and roots in rocky habitats are mostly distributed in the topsoil layers (89 % on the surface up to 20 cm depth). The total root biomass in all habitats of all vegetation degradation periods is 18.77 Mg ha−1, in which roots in rocky habitat have higher biomass than in earthy habitat, and coarse root biomass is larger than medium and fine root biomass. The root biomass of mixed evergreen and deciduous forest in karst habitat (35.83 Mg ha−1) is not greater than that of most typical, non-karst evergreen broad-leaved forests in subtropical regions of China, but the ratio of root to aboveground biomass in karst forest (0.37) is significantly greater than the mean ratio (0.26 ± 0.07) of subtropical evergreen forests. Vegetation restoration in degraded karst terrain will significantly increase the belowground carbon stock, forming a potential regional carbon sink.
Shrubland
Vegetation types
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The stimulated grazing method was used to study the vegetation variation,intake variation and plant response of mountain meadow in Xiahe County,Gansu Province.The result indicated that the vegetation biomass showed a single-peak curve with or without grazing stress.The total average intake showed an inverse exponential model.The stimulated values were significantly correlated with the real values.
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The plant coenology survey has done in northeast-southwest grassland transect in Inner Mongolia by using method of transect-sample area-quadrat.Then based on the results of both indoor and outdoor investments and measures,the gradient changes of aboveground biomass were analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) the background biomass along the northeast-southwest transects in Inner Mongolia ranges from 50-80 g·m-2;the value of grassland's aboveground biomass reduced with the change of vegetation type.It shifts from meadow steppe to typical steppe and desert steppe.(2) the total aboveground biomass of grassland has no strict corresponding relation with the land use intensity because of the impacts of human activities such as farming,field's abandoned and returning reclaimed land and forests and so on.But the biomass value of essbar perennation plant is declining with the intensity of land use.(3) using aboveground biomass to evaluate the quality and health of the ecosystem was partly limited.The percentage of biomass value in different land use intensity quadrat and background quadrat could hit the aim of rejecting the impacts of natural geographical area,regional climate background,and could analysis the influence of economic performance and economic structure development on the grassland ecosystem.
Quadrat
Steppe
Belt transect
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Understanding the relationship between the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation is very important for effective vegetation restoration.A field survey and laboratory experiment to study this relationship in abandoned croplands on the Gullied-Hill Loess showed that species number in the aboveground vegetation was greater than that in the soil seed bank.Most species were in the Compositae,Granimeae,and Leguminoseae.The richness,diversity index,evenness index and ecological dominance of the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation were not all significantly related to the year since abandonment(with the exception of the evenness index of the soil seed bank).Coefficients of species similarity between the soil seed bank and the aboveground vegetation ranged from 0.143 to 0.414 and the mean value was 0.261.
Soil seed bank
Dominance (genetics)
Diversity index
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To evaluate the effect of ecological restoration and biodiversity,as well as screen species,five dominant aboriginal herb species(ie.Deyeuxila scabrescens(Griseb.) Munro,Festuca ovina L.,Kobresia setchwanensis Hand.-Mazz.,Poa acroleuca Steud.and Elymus nutans Griseb.) were selected to study dimensional allocation of biomass based on bio-diversity investigation at the similar habitat in Manaoke Mine in 2008.Results show that: the distribution and coverage of D.scabrescens(18.86%) and F.ovina(15.29%) is greater among five species in the survey area while their biomass(is 2003.74 kg/hm2 and 1507.42 kg/hm2 respectively) is also larger.The sequence of the five herbs' aver-biomass is D.scabrescensF.ovinaK.setchwanensisP.acroleucaE.nutans.Their aboveground biomass has significant positive correlation with their underground biomass(P0.01).The five herbs' biomass are significantly rates with their altitude distribution(P0.01).However,there are different relationships among five species between biomass and altitude distribution.The herb biomass of slope-ridge is apparently smaller than that of slope-valley.The coverage of dominant herb species changes with the seasons.Finally,the article emphasizes that different herb species should be selected to restore the Mine with different altitudes,slope gradients and seasons for maintaining biodiversity and eco-system stability.Meanwhile the resources of Mine should be used effectively.
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This study analyzed the vegetation characteristics, species biodiversity and soil nutrients of Artemisia sacrorum communities,which changed from components to the dominants of communities during different succession stages in the loess-hilly region.There was a significant difference in community coverage,aboveground and underground biomass in the succession series.The index of community biodiversity changed from high to low then became stable.The index of richness increased gradually with succession time.However,the evenness index decreased with the restoration years.In general,soil nutrient contents increased with restoration time and the upper layer soil nutrients improved faster than those of the lower layer.There were positive correlations in total coverage of the communities,coverage of A.sacrorum,community' biodiversity indices,aboveground biomass,underground biomass and upper layer(0-20 cm) soil nutrients.There were significant positive correlations between coverage of A.sacrorum communities,total coverage,upper layer soil organic carbon,and available nitrogen.Extremely significant positive correlations occurred in A.sacrorum communities,underground biomass and richness index(Ma).There were significant positive correlations between underground biomass and Ma,also extremely significant positive correlations between underground biomass,soil organic carbon and available nitrogen.The results suggest that community biomass can be recovered under better soil nutrients conditions and enhanced soil production could promote vegetation succession.The natural restoration of vegetation is an important approach to ecological restoration.
Loess plateau
Soil carbon
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In this paper,the vegetation types,coverage rate,biomass,carbon storage,soil moisture and total soluble salts of new planted Populus alba L.,Populus russkii L.forest and surrounding three desert regions in Karamay were surveyed,and the impact of afforestation on vegetation biomass,the relationship among the vegetation biomass and soil moisture,total soluble salts were analyzed.The results show that,the vegetation types,coverage,total biomass,carbon storage of Populus alba L.and Populus russkii L.forest,which afforestated in desert area,were increased in multiples compared with outside original desert area;compared with Populus alba L.,Populus russkii L.were more suitable tree for planting in desert area;the relationship between biomass and the soil moisture content were positive linear correlation;it is clear that afforestation can increase the vegetation biomass and the coverage rate,and it has obvious effects on the carbon sequestration and reducing discharge,and it will play an important roll in wind-break and sand-fixing,water-soil conservation,air purifying and ecological security in desert area.
Afforestation
Desert (philosophy)
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