Landfill Gas Emissions Model, version 2.0., user`s manual. Final report, September 1993--September 1997
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Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LandGEM) estimates air pollutant emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. The model can be used to estimate emission rates for methane, carbon dioxide, nonmethane organic compounds, and individual air pollutants from landfills. It can also be used by landfill owners and operators to determine if a landfill is subject to the control requirements of the federal New Source Performance Standard (NSPS) for new MSW landfills or the emission guidelines for existing MSW landfills. The model is based on a first order decay equation and can be run using site-specific data are available, using default values: one set based on the requirements of the NSPS and emission guidelines, and the other based on emission factors in EPA`s Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, AP-42.Keywords:
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A combination of mass balance methods and emission factors based on source data can be used to make comparisons in air pollution potential between different landfill gas (LFG) control or utilization options. This report describes the development of emission factors for controlled primary pollutants (e.g., nonmethane organic compounds) and secondary air pollutants (e.g., carbon monoxide). The following criteria air pollutants and greenhouse gases are addressed in this document: nonmethane organic compounds, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, and methane. Data are included that allow an analyst to convert emission factors to units that allow for direct comparison with the energy alternatives mentioned above (e.g., pounds of a pollutant released per kilowatt-hour of electricity produced).
Landfill Gas
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The Environmental Protection Agency’s Landfill Air Estimation Model (LAEEM), combined with either the AP-42 or CAA landfill emission factors, provide a basis to predict air emissions, including hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), from municipal solid waste landfills. This paper presents alternative approaches for estimating HAP emissions from landfills. These approaches include analytical solutions and estimation techniques that account for convection, diffusion, and biodegradation of HAPs. Results from the modeling of a prototypical landfill are used as the basis for discussion with respect to LAEEM results.
Hazardous air pollutants
Criteria air contaminants
Air pollutant concentrations
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Urban waste
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Landfill Gas
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Fugitive emissions
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Estimating landfill methane emissions at national and global levels is fraught with uncertainties. The goal for the near-term is to improve national and global estimates based on improved models, which more realistically simulate a growing database of field measurements. This would assist regulators and policy makers to more accurately evaluate landfill methane emissions and guide development of national mitigation strategies. This article provides an updated perspective on landfill methane emissions by: (1) discussing recent field measurements and research results; (2) proposing research still needed; and (3) suggesting improved modeling strategies (including regulatory approaches) to assess landfill methane emissions more accurately.
Landfill Gas
Methane Emissions
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The document is a user's guide for the computer program, Landfill Air Emissions Estimation Model. It provides step-by-step guidance for using the program to estimate landfill air emissions. The purpose of the program is to aid local and state agencies in estimating landfill air emission rates for nonmethane organic compounds and individual air toxics. The program will also be helpful to landfill owners and operators affected by the upcoming New Source Performance Standard (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines for Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Air Emissions. The model is based on the Scholl Canyon Gas Generation Model, used in the development of the soon-to-be-proposed regulation for landfill air emissions. The Scholl Canyon Model is a first order decay equation that uses site-specific characteristics for estimating the gas generation rate. In the absence of site-specific data, the program provides conservative default values from the soon-to-be-proposed NSPS for new landfills and emission guidelines for existing landfills. These default values may be revised based on future information collected by the Agency.
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An integrated approach was used for a study of air toxics emissions at a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill (LF) consisting of field sampling, emission estimation, atmospheric dispersion modeling, and health risk assessment for major sources and a number of different compounds. The study was required by the state regulatory agency to satisfy operating permit conditions. The technical approach and results are summarized from Califano and Barboza, 1991.
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