The Impact of Institutional Reforms on the Nature of Universities as Organisations
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Recent reforms to higher education systems in many OECD countries have focused on making universities more effective organisations in competing for resources and reputations. This has often involved increasing their internal cohesion and external autonomy from the state to make them more similar to private companies. However, pre-reform universities differed so greatly in their governance and capabilities that the impact of institutional changes has varied considerably between three ideal types: Hollow, State-chartered, and Autarkic. Furthermore, the combination of: (a) the inherent uncertainty of scientific research undertaken for publication, (b) limited managerial control over work processes and reputations, and (c) the contradictory effects of some funding and governance changes has greatly restricted the ability of universities to function as authoritatively integrated organisations capable of developing distinctive competitive competences.Keywords:
Cohesion (chemistry)
A well-written text exhibits two essential features: cohesion and coherence.Halliday and Hasan stated that cohesion is an indispensable condition for the creation of a coherent English text.However,cohesion has been seriously neglected in English Major's writing teaching in China.As a result,a number of cohesive and coherent weaknesses exist in English major's compositions,such as lack of an outstanding theme,looseness of structure,unclear and illogical presentation of ideas,lack of smooth organization and expression of ideas.In English Majors' writing teaching,cohesion should draw much attention of teachers.Teachers should systematically introduce cohesive and coherent knowledge to students,guide them to write and then comment their compositions in different ways so that students can eventually express themselves accurately and appropriately and clearly.
Cohesion (chemistry)
College English
Presentation (obstetrics)
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The writer collected over 60 English compositions written by Chinese students from 3 different grades, and gave an text analysis on cohesion and coherence to the papers.The result shows that serious problems concerning text cohesion and coherence exist in the writing,therefore,the writer suggests some strategies.
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The English advertisement discourse could be analyzed from different angles and by different means,and semantic cohesion device is one of them.Conclusions could be drawn after analysis on the semantic cohesion devices in several Engish advertisement: firstly,the semantic cohesion devices are essential in building up the coherence of the advertisement discourse;secondly,cohesion devices including reference,ellipsis and conjuntion are frequently resourted to in the grammatical level,while reiteration seems to be the choice of most ads writers when dealing with the cohesion in terms of the lexical level.
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Based on cohesion theory by Halliday and Hasan, this paper analyses the dialectical relationship between cohesion and coherence, cohesion and writing. By refering to previous studies of textual cohesion and writing the author points out the problems on cohesive devices utility existing in students' composition and suggests that it is necessary to train students on cohesive devices utility so as to cultivate their awareness of cohesive devices in writing.Finally,some methods for cohesion training are put forward.
Cohesion (chemistry)
Dialectic
College English
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We study in this paper the cohesion of a leader's speeches over time. This is part of a larger project that aims at investigating the language of leaders and how their language changes over their stay in power. Here, we analyze the speeches of a leader who stayed in power for a long period of time, i.e. more than 30 years. We measure cohesion of speeches in the original language, which is Arabic in our case, as well as in English, based on human translations of the original speeches. The cohesion is measured in two different ways: using word overlap and Latent Semantic Analysis. Because of the morphological complexity of Arabic, the word overlap measure of cohesion becomes challenging in Arabic. Latent Semantic Analysis, which is totally unsupervised, is applied similarly for Arabic and English. The results show that cohesion has a general down trend over time and that during and after major crises the leader's speeches exhibit an increas in cohesion which can be explained as an attempt on leader's behalf to make his policies more clear, most likely as a form of post-crisis management.
Cohesion (chemistry)
Latent semantic analysis
Group cohesiveness
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The present study was aimed at identifying and describing elements that help to join different sentences in selected Gikuyu texts. This study falls in the broad area of discourse analysis. The texts selected for this study were those written in continuous prose and were from the literary and the reportage text categories. The work followed the Halliday and Hasan’s model of Cohesion to identify and describe cohesive devices in these texts. Gikuyu texts analysed showed evidence of cohesion as proposed in the Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) model of cohesion. The paper describes affixes, words, phrases, clauses and syntactic gaps that have been identified as creating cohesion in Gikuyu texts. The paper explains how these linguistic features that create cohesion relate with other parts of the texts being analyzed to realize cohesion. Yule (1985) argues that cohesion is marked differently in different languages. He further observes that these differences pose difficulties when texts are being translated from one language to another. Theory governed descriptions of cohesive relations in different languages would provide valuable insights to translators. By describing cohesion in Gikuyu, the present study adds to the body of knowledge on Gikuyu, and language in general. Keywords: Cohesion, Gikuyu, Features, Linguistic, Texts
Cohesion (chemistry)
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Cohesion plays an important role in ensuring clarity, appropriateness, and comprehensibility in text. This study compares L1-Chinese and L1-English university students’ use of cohesion in English essays and examines the cohesive features in academic writing of L2 students from three perspectives: density of cohesion, distribution of cohesive devices, and distance of cohesive ties. Data consist of 126 student-produced essays in two corpora: 63 by L1-Chinese students from the TECCL corpus and 63 by L1-English students from the BAWE corpus. Findings indicate that L2 students have a lower density of cohesion in their academic writing. Their essays are marked by underuse of lexical cohesion and demonstrative reference, initial positioning of conjunctions, and heavy use of temporal conjunction. In addition, L2 students use significantly fewer immediate and remote cohesive ties, and the length of the material between ties is found to be inadequate compared to L1 students’ writing. The study has important implications for L2 writing pedagogy in China.
Cohesion (chemistry)
Demonstrative
CLARITY
Academic Writing
Group cohesiveness
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Based on the analyses of the cohesion and coherence in the 50 Chinese college students' English composition,the author discovers that the texts are weak in cohesion and coherence,reasoning and argumentation.Therefore the author suggests some tentative solutions.
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Cohesion is a corporeal net to incarnate the surface structure of a writing,and also a mainly artifice for the writing coherent.However,it is commonly lack of coherent or grammatical cohesion in the English writing of senior high school students.This paper analyzed the effect of grammatical cohesion in English writing in order to help students improving their writing ability.
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This study aimed at investigating cohesion and rhetorical moves in thesis abstracts of English Education students. This study employed a qualitative research design in which 10 abstracts were chosen as samples. The cohesion is analyzed based on Halliday's and Hasan's concept while rhetorical moves are analyzed based on Swales' and Feak's framework. The results show that all cohesive devices are used except substitution. Among those devices, reference is the most frequently used. The results also show that some cohesive devices are used incorrectly. As a result, seven abstracts (70%) are still in medium category of cohesion level while three abstracts (30%) are in high category of cohesion level. Furthermore, 7 abstracts are organized in different move patterns which do not follow the Swales' and Feak's framework. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that most of the abstract samples achieve medium category level of cohesion, and the rhetorical moves in most of the abstracts samples are not organized well. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v2i2.3086
Cohesion (chemistry)
Swale
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