ARRA: Reconfiguring Power Systems to Minimize Cascading Failures - Models and Algorithms
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Building on models of electrical power systems, and on powerful mathematical techniques including optimization, model predictive control, and simluation, this project investigated important issues related to the stable operation of power grids. A topic of particular focus was cascading failures of the power grid: simulation, quantification, mitigation, and control. We also analyzed the vulnerability of networks to component failures, and the design of networks that are responsive to and robust to such failures. Numerous other related topics were investigated, including energy hubs and cascading stall of induction machinesKeywords:
Cascading failure
Power grid
Vulnerability
Component (thermodynamics)
Cascading failure
Power-system protection
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Cascading failure
Power grid
Power network
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Cascading failure consists of complicated sequences of dependent failures and can cause large blackouts. The emerging risk analysis, simulation, and modeling of cascading blackouts are briefly surveyed, and key references are suggested.
Cascading failure
Power grid
Power network
Blackout
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With the development of power system and the emerging of power market, the operation of power network is closer to its limit than before. The security and reliability assessments for cascading failures of the power system are important and necessary. However, the system malfunction scenes are not possible evaluated wholly if multiple failures are considered. This paper presents a new approach to assess the system risk based on cascading failures firstly. This approach associates the occurrence probability of cascading failures with their damage on power system. The load conditions, the change of bus voltage and line flow are considered too. Secondly, malfunction scenes based on cascading failures are screened and selected according to the system risk evaluation results. At last, a practical 220kV Taiyuan power system in Shanxi Province of China has been analyzed to illustrate the proposed technique.
Cascading failure
Power-system protection
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In the study of power grid security, the cascading failure process has attracted increasing attention in recent years. The robustness of a power grid against cascading failure can be evaluated from both structural and functional perspective. In most previous studies, these two types of robustness were treated separately in spite of the fact that both of them are considered equally important in many scenarios. In our study, we utilize multi-objective optimization to take both aspects of the system robustness against cascading failure into consideration. Based on NSGA-II, we develop an effective attack strategy to localize the critical nodes in the power grids. The variety of our solution is preserved, enabling flexible choices by decision makers. Simulations on a realistic power grid dataset demonstrate the capability of our strategy in serving as a guideline for launching attacks in power grids, for it can damage the power grid to the greatest extent in terms of both metrics.
Cascading failure
Robustness
Power grid
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The synergetic concept on precaution of power system cascading failures is presented and a precautionary model for cascading failures is established,and system cascading failure risk coefficient that reflects the distance between operation point of power system and self-organized critical point as well as branch cascading failure risk coefficient that characterizes incident extent among branches of power system are led into the established model.By means of comparing the searching process of cascading failure mode with Chinese character input method for mobile phone,a hybrid method based cascading failure mode searching method is proposed.The search results by the proposed method show that by use of this model the threaten extent of cascading failures under different operating modes can be compared,and the solving process of this model can be used as the foundation to prevent single cascading failures.Thus the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model in the prevention of power system large-scale blackout is validated.
Cascading failure
Blackout
Mode (computer interface)
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Cascading failure of network features in power system is analyzed in this paper using complex network theory and method, and Central China power grid are analyzed in detail on the three kinds of attack forms (maximum load, the most generous attack and random attack) of regional vulnerability. It provides technical means for the prevention of cascading failure .
Cascading failure
Vulnerability
Power grid
Power network
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To better explore the universal robustness against cascading failures on complex networks,closely focusing on the load which is the most important physical quantity that can affect the occurrence and spread of cascading failure,and dynamic process after a node fails,a cascading model with tunable parameters is proposed based on the local characteristic of a node.We obtain numerically the relation between the robustness against cascading failures on complex networks and parameters in the model,and discuss the effect of the average degree of a network for cascading failures.In addition,simulation results also are verified by the analysis of the different network graphs and the theory.
Cascading failure
Robustness
Interdependent networks
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This paper analyzes the network features of power grid with buses’ cascading failures based on the theories and methods of complex networks. And it concludes detailed vulnerability analysis of buses in Huazhong power grid under three forms of attack (maximum load attack, maximum degree attack and random attack) .It provides technical means for the prevention of cascading failure .
Cascading failure
Vulnerability
Power grid
Power network
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To deal with shortcomings of a single node or the simple neighbor relations in the research of cascading failures, a cascading failure model was proposed considering the local characteristics of node-community structure. The model gave each node dynamic initial load value based on the community property of the node, and adopted different strategies to attack the Western States Power Grid of the United States, US Air lines, IEEE118 standard grid and Scale F-ree Network( SFN) to simulate the process of cascading failures. The simulation results show that these nodes within community lead to relative minor faults when community factor dominated in initial load, but some special nodes connecting multiple communities will cause serious cascading failures. It also indicates that the property of the number of neighbor nodes is more relevant than other properties by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients of different properties.
Cascading failure
Power grid
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