Combined semi-nested polymerase chain reaction and heteroduplex analysis for detecting monoclonality of IgH rearrangement in patients with follicular lymphoma.
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A new, sensitive method combining seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and heteroduplex analysis was used to detect follicular lymphoma (FL) cells in peripheral blood. Based on the detection of IgH rearrangement in DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes, the method demonstrated the presence of monoclonal B cells in FL patients with high frequency.Keywords:
Heteroduplex
Follicular lymphoma
Gene rearrangement
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A new, sensitive method combining seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and heteroduplex analysis was used to detect follicular lymphoma (FL) cells in peripheral blood. Based on the detection of IgH rearrangement in DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes, the method demonstrated the presence of monoclonal B cells in FL patients with high frequency.
Heteroduplex
Follicular lymphoma
Gene rearrangement
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A new method, combining seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with heteroduplex analysis, was utilized to detect follicular lymphoma (FL) cells in peripheral blood. The method, based on the detection of IgH rearrangements in DNA, detected the presence of monoclonal B cells in FL patients with a high frequency.
Heteroduplex
Follicular lymphoma
Gene rearrangement
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Citations (3)
Follicular lymphoma
Follicular hyperplasia
Gene rearrangement
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Citations (6)
Heteroduplex
Lymphoid hyperplasia
Pseudolymphoma
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Citations (11)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for antigen receptor rearrangement is a sensitive technique for detecting lymphocyte-proliferative disorders, but it tends to produce false-positive results, a phenomenon termed pseudoclonality. Heteroduplex analysis, which is useful to distinguish clonal reactions from pseudoclonal ones in dogs, can be applied to avoid misdiagnosis and determine the reliability of results. In the current study, PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement was used to identify clonal proliferation of lymphocytes in duodenal and lymphoid tissue from dogs presenting with chronic vomiting and enlarged peripheral lymph nodes typical of multicentric lymphoma, and the test results were verified with heteroduplex analysis. In the case of almost all of the duodenal samples, even without a histologic diagnosis of lymphoma, a distinct band similar to that observed in the case of lymphoma was obtained for both B- and T-cell clonality. All of the bands obtained from the nonneoplastic duodenum disappeared following heteroduplex analysis of the PCR product, whereas the distinct bands from the lymphoma remained. In the lymph node samples, the pseudoclonal bands that disappeared in the heteroduplex analysis were detected mainly in B cells. In conclusion, heteroduplex analysis with PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement is a suitable tool for diagnosing canine lymphoma and decreasing the possibility of misdiagnosis of pseudoclonality.
Heteroduplex
Gene rearrangement
Canine Lymphoma
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Follicular lymphoma
Gene rearrangement
Immunophenotyping
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
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In recent reports of the so-called "floral variant" of follicular lymphoma, an unusual variant of follicular lymphoma mimicking progressive transformation of germinal centers, questions have been raised regarding whether this process represents a malignant lymphoma. We studied 19 examples of the floral variant of follicular lymphoma and report our light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and molecular diagnostic findings. Morphologic changes consisted of effacement of normal lymph node architecture by follicles composed of atypical lymphocytes. The follicles were surrounded by prominent mantle zones that invaginated irregularly into the follicle centers, often imparting a "floral" appearance. Sufficient material was available for immunophenotypic or genotypic studies in 15 biopsies. Twelve of 15 cases studied by immunohistochemistry demonstrated phenotypes supporting a diagnosis of lymphoma. Five demonstrated light-chain restriction; one was an immunoglobulin-negative B-cell neoplasm; and six, in which only formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue was available, demonstrated overexpression of the bcl-2 protein. Southern blot analysis revealed evidence of clonal immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene rearrangement in all five cases tested. Overall, 12 of the 15 biopsies studied with these techniques showed immunologic or genotypic support for malignant lymphoma. The results of this study demonstrate that the floral variant of follicular lymphoma does indeed represent a malignant lymphoma.
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Follicular hyperplasia
Mantle zone
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Follicular lymphoma
Occult
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Mantle zone
Immunoglobulin heavy chain
Follicular lymphoma
Gene rearrangement
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Heteroduplex
Primer (cosmetics)
Gene rearrangement
Polyclonal antibodies
Subtyping
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