Resistance of MAX 6325 Reference Voltage Source on Operating Temperature Variation
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Zener diode
Temperature coefficient
Standard uncertainty
Zener diode
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The author describes a test facility and procedures for determining the temperature coefficients of the 1.018 V and 10 V outputs of Fluke 732B electronic voltage standards based on temperature-regulated Zener diodes. Of the fifteen instruments studied fourteen were found to have statistically significant temperature coefficients for the 1.018 V outputs with respect to ambient temperature; values range from –39 × 10-9/°C to 41 × 10-9/°C. For the 10 V outputs, ten of the fifteen have statistically significant temperature coefficients ranging from –15 × 10-9/°C to 16 × 10-9/°C. By applying small corrections for temperature dependence, based on coefficients describing the change in output voltage as a function of the resistance of the internal thermistor, errors in calibrating and comparing these standards can be reduced.
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Thermistor
Temperature coefficient
Atmospheric temperature range
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Zener diode
Temperature coefficient
Standard uncertainty
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Preprinted for 1960 Conference on Standards and Electronic Measurements, Boulder, Colorado, June 1960. Silicon junction (zener) diodes were investigated for use as a voltage reference in a militarized test set capable of operating many months in adverse environments without d with respect to temperature coefficient, noise, and longterm stability that have sufficient stability to replace unsaturated standard cells. The average standard deviation observed for 11 selected diodes tested for four months was 3.1 ppm. (auth)
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Standard uncertainty
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We have been developing a compact Zener voltage generating system as a secondary standard of DC voltage. The main unit of the system includes a temperature-controlled Zener diode module driven with a built-in battery. The module is detachable from an expansion unit with larger battery packs for longer-time battery operation. This system realizes a compact DC voltage standard with maintaining state-of-the-art temporal stability and temperature stability performances of the output voltage. The results of the precise measurements based on a Josephson voltage standard show excellent drift characteristics within 2 ppm/year, small temperature coefficient less than 0.01 ppm/°C and negligible pressure coefficient. This DC voltage standard can be used in laboratories, inter-laboratory comparisons, and beyond such conventional purposes, the main Zener diode module can be installed in a measurement devices, such as digital multimeters, for further improvement of measurement capabilities.
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Temperature coefficient
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The influence of the ambient humidity on the output voltage of the nominal 10 V terminal of a prototype Zener dc voltage standard was investigated. In this measurement, the main module of the Zener standard driven with an external power supply unit was placed in a thermohygrostat chamber, and the output voltage was measured using a Josephson voltage standard system. When the humidity in the chamber was changed in the range 30%rh - 80%rh, no corresponding effects in voltage outputs were observed.
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Clipper (electronics)
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Electronic circuits in certain space missions are exposed to very low temperatures. Very limited data exist on the performance and reliability of electronic devices and circuits at cryogenic temperatures below the manufacturer’s specified operating temperature range. This database can be used as a design tool for screening and identifying diodes with potential use in extreme temperature applications. Therefore, the present paper summarizes the preliminary results obtained on the evaluation of shunt voltage regulators based on different breakdowns of Zener diodes whenever they operate at very low temperature levels. The performance of Zener voltage regulator was evaluated under a wide temperature range from 300 to 93 K. In this concern, six sets of Zener diodes of the types BZV86-1V4, BZX83-C3V6, BZX79-C4V7, BZX79-C5V6, BZX83-C6V8 and BZX55C9V1 covering a wide range of low breakdown voltages (from 1.40 to 9.10 V), were chosen. The devices were evaluated in terms of their output voltages at different input voltage levels (line regulation), and at constant load current as a function of temperature. The effect of temperature on load regulation was also established for different load levels up to 21.0 mA, at constant input voltage, over the low temperature range of 300 to 93 K.
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Clipper (electronics)
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Atmospheric temperature range
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In this article we discuss the principle of improvement of temperature coefficient in the standard voltage using zener diode. Usually in order to make small the temperature coefficient of “Temperature Compensated Zener Diode”, we suitably combined the zener diode with positive temperature coefficient and the silicon diode with negative temperature coefficient. But this method requires high technical skill.This article gives an easier way to make smaller the temperature coefficient. We add the third terminal between the zener diode and the silicon diode in the usual “Temperature Compensated Zener Diode”, and we can control critically the forward voltage of silicon diode to make smaller the temperature coefficient according to the following fomula dm/dv=1/THere v is the forward voltage of diode, T the ambient temperature, and m=dv/dT. Using this method we obtained the standard voltage whose temperature coefficient is 0.1ppm/deg.
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Temperature coefficient
Backward diode
Avalanche diode
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Temperature sensors and voltage references require cells that generate both PTAT (Proportional To Absolute Temperature) and NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) voltages. We present a novel theoretical approach based on a 'quasi-constant' current to obtain these voltages in standard CMOS technology using no resistors. A test circuit was fabricated in a 0.8 : μ m CMOS process. We performed measurements in a 305 K to 375 K temperature range which verify the expected results. The circuit draws under 50 nA from a 1.6 V to 3.0 V supply.
Temperature coefficient
Atmospheric temperature range
Absolute zero
Pull-up resistor
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