NEW STATE RECORDS OF MYRMOSINAE (HYMENOPTERA: MUTILLIDAE) FROM MISSISSIPPI, U.S.A. WITH NOTES ON INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MYRMOSULA PARVULA (HYMENOPTERA: MYRMOSINAE) AND LASIOGLOSSUM IMITATUM (HYMENOPTERA: HALICTIDAE)
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Abstract:
Three species of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera: Myrmosinae), Myrmosa unicolor Say, Myrmosina nocturna Krombein, and Myrmosula parvula (Fox), are reported from Mississippi for the first time. Notes on M. parvula and its interactions with a gregarious nesting bee species, Lasioglossum (Dialictus) imitatum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), are given.Keywords:
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This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://biostor.org/reference/29023.
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For many decades, the parasitic behavior of wasp Sclerodermus guani (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a typical generalist gregarious ectoparasitoid, was described as paralyzing the hosts by stinging with venom for egg-laying, and then their offspring larvae after hatching feed on hosts' hemolymph for the development until emergence.However, this paper reported a new mechanism of the wasp to parasitize the host borer Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).Observation on their parasitic behavior and their offspring growth discovered that the wasp needs 6 steps to complete its parasitic process, i.e. host-biting and-fighting, host-subduing and-nursing, host-liquefying and-feeding, wasps' berried and oviposition, larval sucking and developing, cocooning and wasps' emerging.Host-biting and host-liquefying are the key steps which would evolve an amazing array of mechanisms to create a liquid nutrient reservoir inside the borer body cavity for the parasitoid larvae's sucking and developing.This mechanism suggests that S.guani is a species of ectoparasitoid
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Two new species of New World halictine bees (Halictidae: Halictinae) are described and figured with extreme forms of female macrocephalism. Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) xitle sp. nov. (Halictini: Gastrohalictina) from Cráter del Xitle in Mexico City, Mexico and Augochlora (Oxystoglossella) empusa sp. nov. (Augochlorini: Augochlorina) from Madre de Dios, Peru are remarkable for not only their greatly enlarged heads and monstrously developed mandibles, but also for their pronotal modifications (both species), propodeal lamellae (A. empusa), and genal (L. xitle) and hypostomal (A. empusa) protrusions.
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Three species of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera: Myrmosinae), Myrmosa unicolor Say, Myrmosina nocturna Krombein, and Myrmosula parvula (Fox), are reported from Mississippi for the first time. Notes on M. parvula and its interactions with a gregarious nesting bee species, Lasioglossum (Dialictus) imitatum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), are given.
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Penapis larraini Packer, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Rophitinae), is described from Alto Patache, South ofIquique, a fog oasis in the very dry coastal desert region of northern Chile. It is compared to other species of the genus, and its unusual foggy habitat is described.
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