Treadmill Training Effects on Neurological Outcome After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats
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Treadmill training is used for promoting rhythmical vigorous walking and for task-related training in patients with stroke. The neurological impact of treadmill training has not been established. The present investigation is aimed at (1) examining neurological changes over a four-week period after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats and (2) assessing the impact of one-week, two-week and four-week treadmill training in MCAO rats.Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 60-minute right MCAO. All rats were randomly assigned to one of seven groups. Infarct volume and neurological score were measured.Rats sacrificed 24 hours post MCAO had the largest infarct volumes (171.4 +/- 14.4 mm3) and the highest neurological score (median: 2, range: 1-3). We noted that without treadmill training, infarct sizes and neurological score diminished with time. Treadmill training for at least one week further reduced infarct volume and significantly improved neurologic function in MCAO rats.Treadmill training after focal cerebral ischemia significantly improves neurological outcome in MCAO rats. Treadmill training may be beneficial for ischemic brain recovery.Keywords:
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Group function occlusion, as well as Canine guided occlusion, are important in the field of . The study about the occlusion includes not only the static relationship of teeth, but it also includes the functional interrelationship and all the components of the system. The aim of the study is to compare group function occlusion and canine guided occlusion among partially patients. The study was conducted in the outpatient of Dental College and Hospital. The data was reviewed and from the total number of 86000 patients between June 2020. The data includes both group function occlusion and canine guided occlusion patients with a partially condition. Then the data was manually verified by 1-2 reviewers and finally tabulated, and SPSS imported and got the results. 522 Data was included in that males are 55.7% and females are 44% and 0.1% transgender. In that majority of them belong to the age group (31-40) yrs. The group function occlusion is 59.5%, and canine guided occlusion is 40.42%, This shows that Male predominant is seen with group function occlusion. Overall, the results showed that in partially conditions, the canine guided occlusion is more prevalent in male gender when it is compared with group function occlusion.
Dental occlusion
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Treadmill
Stroke
Motor Learning
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The middle cerebral artery (MCA) and its branches are the most commonly affected brain vessels in cerebral infarction. The MCA territory was involved in more than twothirds of all cerebral infarcts in 891 patients with first stroke in the Lausanne Stroke Registry; the remainder affecting the posterior circulation (26%), and more rarely the anterior cerebral artery (2%). Among MCA infarcts, the superficial MCA territory was involved in more than half the patients, the deep MCA territory in one-third and the deep plus superficial MCA territory in one-tenth (Bogousslavsky et al., 1988a).
Stroke
Anterior cerebral artery
Posterior cerebral artery
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Treadmill
Adaptability
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Middle cerebral artery (MCA) detection is useful in monitoring fetal well-being. Knowledge of Doppler flow velocity of the fetal MCA may assist in prenatal diagnosis and management of complicated pregnancies. The aim of this study was to compare the pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of the MCA at different locations throughout pregnancy.Uncomplicated singleton pregnancies accepted Doppler surveys of the bilateral MCA. PI and RI values of the proximal, middle, and distal 1/3 of the MCA were measured. The gestation periods for Doppler surveys were (1) 15 to 19 weeks; (2) 20 to 24 weeks; (3) 25 to 29 weeks; (4) 30 to 34 weeks; and (5) 35 to 40 weeks. The MCA flows at different locations and at different gestational aged were compared.There were 21 patients included. Average PI/RI values of the proximal, middle and distal MCA were 1.62/0.80, 1.69/0.81, and 1.71/0.83, which were non-significantly different. The PI/RI values of MCA in each gestational phase were also non-significantly different: (1) 1.70/0.84; (2) 1.72/0.82; (3) 1.68/0.83; (4) 1.65/0.81; (5) 1.62/0.77.The PI and RI values of the proximal MCA were non-significantly lower than those of middle and distal MCA. Middle MCA could represent three locations of MCA. A trend of lower PI/RI values with advancing gestation was noted.
Anterior cerebral artery
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Treadmill
Power walking
Biomechanics
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Cadence
Treadmill
Power walking
STRIDE
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Background and Objective. Following stroke, subjects retain the ability to adapt interlimb symmetry on the split-belt treadmill. Critical to advancing our understanding of locomotor adaptation and its usefulness in rehabilitation is discerning whether adaptive effects observed on a treadmill transfer to walking over ground. We examined whether aftereffects following split-belt treadmill adaptation transfer to overground walking in healthy persons and those poststroke. Methods. Eleven poststroke and 11 age-matched and gender-matched healthy subjects walked over ground before and after walking on a split-belt treadmill. Adaptation and aftereffects in step length and double support time were calculated. Results. Both groups demonstrated partial transfer of the aftereffects observed on the treadmill ( P < .001) to overground walking ( P < .05), but the transfer was more robust in the subjects poststroke ( P < .05). The subjects with baseline asymmetry after stroke improved in asymmetry of step length and double limb support ( P = .06). Conclusions. The partial transfer of aftereffects to overground walking suggests that some shared neural circuits that control locomotion for different environmental contexts are adapted during split-belt treadmill walking. The larger adaptation transfer from the treadmill to overground walking in the stroke survivors may be due to difficulty adjusting their walking pattern to changing environmental demands. Such difficulties with context switching have been considered detrimental to function poststroke. However, we propose that the persistence of improved symmetry when changing context to overground walking could be used to advantage in poststroke rehabilitation.
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Stroke
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