Polysulfide rejection layer from alpha-lipoic acid for high performance lithium–sulfur battery
Jongchan SongHyungjun NohHongkyung LeeJe-Nam LeeDong Jin LeeYun‐Ju LeeChul‐Hwan KimYong Min LeeJung-Ki ParkHee‐Tak Kim
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Abstract:
Polysulfide shuttle of lithium–sulfur batteries can be suppressed by alpha-lipoic acid, an electrolyte additive, which forms a polysulfide rejection layer on sulfur cathode and a stable SEI layer on Li metal anode.Keywords:
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Rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries could be qualified to solve the energy needs of the present society simply by raising the specific capacity of the battery packs and could be made as a cost-effective technology by virtue of the abundant, safe, and economically viable sulfur. However, the polysulfide dissolution related issue in the lithium–sulfur battery is the major hurdle which needs to be reduced prior to the acceptance of rechargeable lithium–sulfur technology as a practically viable and feasible strategy to ensure efficient energy storage mechanisms. Toward this direction, we study the effect of oxidative functionalization and effect of temperature on the cyclability of lithium–sulfur battery as a function of their role in reducing the polysulfide dissolution by using EIS technique. The study demonstrates the reversible cycling of lithium–sulfur battery at 40 °C, wherein the cell delivers a discharge capacity of 750 mA h g–1 at a high current of 750 mA g–1 and tolerates up to 7.5 A g–1 current rate with the 60 wt % sulfur loaded functionalized carbon cathode. Our findings reflect the advantageous effect of surface functionalization on the performance of lithium–sulfur battery and the importance of EIS spectroscopy in understanding the mechanism associated with the reversible electrochemical process.
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Polysulfide shuttle of lithium–sulfur batteries can be suppressed by alpha-lipoic acid, an electrolyte additive, which forms a polysulfide rejection layer on sulfur cathode and a stable SEI layer on Li metal anode.
Polysulfide
Lithium–sulfur battery
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
Lithium metal
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Abstract A rational design of sulfur host is the key to conquering the“polysulfide shuttle effects” by accelerating the polysulfide conversion. Since the process involves solid–liquid–solid multistep phase transitions, purposely‐engineered heterostructure catalysts with various active regions for catalyzing conversion steps correspondingly are beneficial to promote the overall conversion process. However, the functionalities of the materials surface and interface in heterostructure catalysts remain unclear. In this work, an Mo 2 C/MoC catalyst with abundant Mo 2 C surface‐interface‐MoC surface tri‐active‐region is developed by in situ converting the MoZn‐metal organic framework. The experimental and simulation studies demonstrate the interface can catch long‐chain polysulfides and promote their conversion. Instead, the Mo 2 C and MoC tend to accommodate the short‐chain polysulfide and accelerate their conversion and the Li 2 S dissociation. Benefitting from the high catalytic ability, the Li–S battery assembled with the Mo 2 C/MoC‐S cathode shows more discrete redox reactions and delivers a high initial capacity of 1603.6 mAh g −1 at 1 C charging–discharging rate, which is over twofolds of the one assembled using individual hosts, and 80.4% capacity can be maintained after 1000 cycles at 3 C rate. This work has demonstrated a novel synergy between the interface and material surface, which will help the future design of high‐performance Li–S batteries.
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