Molecular Characterization of Rotavirus Strains Circulating in Oman in 2005
Said Al BaqlaniIna PeenzeJohn Barr DewarZainab Al LawatiLindsey PearsonVarghese RupaCharles MothokoaSalah Al AwaidySuleiman Al BusaidyA. Duncan Steele
12
Citation
22
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
Limited genotyping data are available for rotavirus strains in the Middle East. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology of human rotavirus strains circulating in the Sultanate of Oman during 2005. Rotavirus was detected in 178 (57.4%) of 310 of the diarrheal stools of young children <5 years admitted to hospitals and outpatients clinics. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated the cocirculation of 8 strains, although 2 strains predominated across the Sultanate. Genotyping revealed the presence of human rotavirus strains of types G1P[8], G2P[4], and G3P[8]. Several strains exhibited unusual combinations of G and P genotypes and RNA electropherotypes, indicating the likelihood of natural reassortment events occurring with a high frequency. In addition, the unusual P[10] genotype was identified among the rotavirus strains, in combination with the G1 type.Keywords:
Reassortment
Molecular Epidemiology
Two novel G3P[4] rotavirus strains were detected from children with acute diarrhea in Sendai, Japan, identified as a G3–P[4]–I2–R2–C2–M2–A2–N2–T2–E2–H2 genotype constellation by whole-genome sequence analysis. The VP7 gene of the two strains displayed the highest nucleotide sequence identity (91 %) and showed a close genetic relationship (99 % bootstrap value) to an equine rotavirus reported in India. The other gene segments were related to human group A rotaviruses. This report suggests a possible reassortment event between human and equine rotaviruses.
Reassortment
Cite
Citations (45)
The prospect that rotavirus diarrhea in children may soon be prevented by vaccines has placed a new priority on understanding the diversity of rotavirus strains and the mechanism by which these strains evolve over time. We have characterized a total of 465 rotavirus strains collected in North India from 2000 to 2007 for G and P types by reverse transcription-PCR and sequencing. The novel G12 rotavirus strains recently detected in other countries were first detected in India in 2001 and have emerged as the predominant strains in Delhi, India, during 2005 to 2007. While the VP7 sequence was highly homologous among G12 strains isolated in Delhi, suggesting recent emergence from a common ancestor, the strains had a diverse constellation of other gene segments, demonstrating substantial reassortment. For the entire period, the common rotavirus G types G1 (26%), G2 (25%), and G9 (14%) comprised 65% of the strains, and common P types, P[4] (19%), P[6] (22%), and P[8] (35%), comprised 76% of the total P types. Of note, we detected a high percentage of unusual (17%) strains and fecal specimens with mixed (12% G and 15% P) rotavirus infections having a variety of genomic constellations. For the first time, we identified two novel rotavirus strains with unusual G/P combinations, G2P[11] and G3P[11], in patients with diarrhea. The study highlights the great diversity among rotaviruses isolated from Indian children, the opportunity for genetic reassortment between strains, and the emergence of a novel G12 strain in our country. Due to the demonstrated effect of antigenic diversity on rotavirus vaccines, it will be important to continue careful monitoring of these strains as rotavirus vaccine programs are implemented in India.
Reassortment
Strain (injury)
New delhi
Cite
Citations (85)
Reassortment
Strain (injury)
Cite
Citations (9)
Cite
Citations (12)
Limited genotyping data are available for rotavirus strains in the Middle East. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology of human rotavirus strains circulating in the Sultanate of Oman during 2005. Rotavirus was detected in 178 (57.4%) of 310 of the diarrheal stools of young children <5 years admitted to hospitals and outpatients clinics. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated the cocirculation of 8 strains, although 2 strains predominated across the Sultanate. Genotyping revealed the presence of human rotavirus strains of types G1P[8], G2P[4], and G3P[8]. Several strains exhibited unusual combinations of G and P genotypes and RNA electropherotypes, indicating the likelihood of natural reassortment events occurring with a high frequency. In addition, the unusual P[10] genotype was identified among the rotavirus strains, in combination with the G1 type.
Reassortment
Molecular Epidemiology
Cite
Citations (12)
Serotypes and RNA electropherotypes of group A human rotaviruses were identified in stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis in Kasukabe Kosei Hospital, Saitama, Japan, during three rotavirus seasons from 1988 to 1991.Of the 665 stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis, 169 (25.4%) stool samples were positive for group A human rotaviruses. Of these 169 samples, 98 (58.0%) wereserotype 1, 7 (4.1%) serotype 2, 14 (8.3%) serotype 3, 3 (1.8%) serotype 4 and 47 (27.8%) were untypable. Serotype 1 was predominant over all three rotavirus seasons. Serotype 2 was most prevalent in the second rotavirus season, serotype 3 in the third season. Serotype 4 was detected only the second rotavirus season.The ratio of subtype I to subtype II was 4.5: 95.5.Among the 162 strains examined, 139 specimens were available to be electropherotyped. Fifteen different RNA electropherotypes were detected. Three to four different electopherotypes were more prevalent in each rotavirus season and the detection rate in each year was different within the same electropherotypes. The rotavirus strains of the same electropherotypes were observed with high prevalence for every rotavirus seasons. The same electropherotypes was found in human rotavirus strains of different serotypes that were appeared at different epidemic seasons.
Cite
Citations (1)
Serotype distribution of group A rotavirus in children attending day care centers has not been previously reported. Fifteen centers in Houston participated in longitudinal monitoring of rotavirus infection during one to three consecutive rotavirus seasons. Monitoring included daily recording of the presence of diarrhea and weekly stool collection. Stool specimens containing rotavirus were analyzed by a monoclonal antibody (MAb)-based ELISA specific for the VP7 protein of serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 and by gel electrophoresis. A total of 318 children had 362 rotavirus episodes; 149 could be serotyped. Serotype distribution of this population was similar to that of children hospitalized for diarrhea in a large pediatric hospital in Houston during the same period. Symptomatic infections were predominantly due to serotype 1 rotaviruses in season 2 and serotype 3 rotaviruses in season 3. Episodes recurred in 43 children; 2 children had second symptomatic infections of the same serotype as the first. Electrophoretic differences among rotaviruses of a same serotype were common and more frequent among serotype 1 than serotype 3 viruses.
Cite
Citations (80)
Abstract Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections in 621 hospitalized children was investigated by analysis of migration patterns of viral genomic ribonucleic acid (RNA) segments by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. Based on migration patterns of RNA segments of 184 rotavirus strains, seven different electropherotypes were identified: 146 (79.3%) strains were “long,” and 38 (20.7%) were “short” electropherotypes; 61% belonged to a single dominant “long” electropherotype, which persisted throughout the 15‐month period of study, whereas six other cocirculating types appeared at varying intervals. Electrophoretic migration patterns of RNA from viral isolates of two patients suggested mixed infections with different rotaviruses. There was a lack of correlation between the electrophoretic migration of segments 10 and 11 and serologically defined subgroup specificity in three of the rotavirus strains. Rotavirus infections and different electropherotypes were observed throughout the year.
Molecular Epidemiology
Cite
Citations (25)
Cite
Citations (26)
This article reports for the first time in China the results of serotyping and subgrouping of some rotavirus strains obtained from faecal fluids of cases with infant diarrhoea. Infant diarrhoea rotavirus serotype 1 (Wa strain)-specific and serotype 2 (KUN strain)-specific hyperimmune sera, and infant diarrhoea rotavirus serotype 3-specific, rotavirus subgroup I-specific and subgroup II-specific monoclonal antibodies were used in serotyping and subgrouping by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of 14 rotavirus strains which had been identified by electron microscopy. Results showed that three out of four Beijing strains in 1982 belonged to serotype 2 and subgroup I rotavirus, one belonged to serotype 3 and subgroup II rotavirus; one out of nine Beijing strains in 1984 belonged to serotype 1 and subgroup II rotavirus, seven belonged to serotype 2 and subgroup I rotavirus, one belonged to serotype 3 and subgroup II rotavirus; and one Kunming strain in 1984 belonged to serotype 3 and subgroup II rotavirus.
Cite
Citations (3)