First report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl causing root rot and collar rot disease of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) in India
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Keywords:
Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Collar rot
Jatropha curcas
Root rot
Dry rot
Collar rot
Root rot
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Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Collar rot
Jatropha curcas
Root rot
Dry rot
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Root/collar rot is a destructive disease of Soybean in India. Seed treatment with bioagents were found effective in reducing the root/collar rot disease incidence. Percent disease incidence was worked out with Rhizoctonia, Sclerotium and Rhizoctonia + Sclerotium sick soil at 20 DAS and at flowering by conducting pot culture experiment. Among different treatments the most effective was seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10g/kg of seed + Bradyrhizobium japonicum @ 20g/kg of seed + Pseudomonas striata @ 20 g/kg of seed with minimum disease incidence i.e. 8.86%, 13.33%, 20.00% at 20 DAS and 17.73%, 33.33% and 40.00% at flowering, respectively.
Collar rot
Root rot
Rhizoctonia
Damping off
Seed treatment
Pseudomonas fluorescens
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Collar rot
Root rot
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Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) and Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) are an important and most profitable crop sequence of Madhya Pradesh. These crops Soybean and Gram suffer badly with charcoal rot/dry root rot caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub) Butler and Collar rot by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Respectively. The ecological and economical problem of pests and pesticide in agriculture give rise to several ecofriendly innovative approaches. Inherent hazardous effects involved in conventional chemicals management coupled with the inclination of farmers towards organic farming. In present study six bio pesticides viz – Bio enhancer, Butter milk, Panchagvya, Beejamrite, Cow urine and Vermi wash and one chemical/fungicide Thiram + carbendazim (1:1) were used to manage the soybean charcoal rot and Gram collar rot diseases. All treatments significantly reduced the percent mortality in soybean and Gram caused by charcoal rot and collar rot respectively. The seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim (1:1) was found most effective against seedling mortality in Gram and Soybean due to collar rot due to S. rolfsii followed by Bio enhancer, Butter milk and Panchagvya respectively. However seed treatment with Panchagvya and Bio enhance (1:10) were found highly effective and superior over Thiram + Carbendazim (1:1) in controlling seeding mortality of soybean due to dry rot caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola.
Collar rot
Thiram
Dry rot
Root rot
Seed treatment
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Jatropha curcas
Lasiodiplodia theobromae
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The selection of resistance sources against individual as well as multiple diseases in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) was carried out during 2004-05 from the germplasm available at the Gene Bank of the Bureau, New Delhi. Based on the average infection and the disease score of the germplasm accessions with respect to wilt, dry root rot, wet root rot, ascochyta blight, collar rot, botrytis gray mould and foot rot at multi-locations, the promising accessions having resistance against these diseases were selected. The number of promising accessions having resistance against individual disease were 19 for wilt, 11 for dry root rot, 24 for collar rot, 36 for wet root rot, 7 for ascochyta blight, 89 for botrytis gray mould and 481 for foot rot. For multiple disease resistance, 15 accessions (ICs 327060, 327062, 327063, 327073, 327074, 327100, 327112, 327190, 327220, 327259, 327336, 327679, 327777, 327779 and 327975) were identified as promising as these had combined resistance against wilt, dry root rot, collar rot, wet root rot and foot rot. For combined resistance against ascochyta blight and botrytis gray mould, lines IC 327414 and IC 327352 were promising.
Root rot
Collar rot
Botrytis
Ascochyta
Germ plasm
Foot rot
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[Objective] The aim was to identify the causal agent of root rot disease of Jatropha curcas L.in Luodian County.[Method] Typical root rot samples were collected from different planting areas of Jatropha curcas L.in Luodian County,and then pathogens of the root rot samples were isolated,cultured,made a pathogenic test and observed under the microscope.[Result] The causal agent of root rot disease of Jatropha curcas L.was Fusarium solani(Martius) Appel Wollenweber.[Conclusion] The research provides reference for the effective prevention and control of root rot disease of Jatropha curcas L.in Luodian County.
Jatropha curcas
Root rot
Jatropha
Fusarium solani
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Chrysanthemum is an important flower crop grown in different parts of the world. Apparently there are new reports of chrysanthemum collar rot and root rot caused by Phytophthora sp. around the world. In recent years there has been increase in incidence of Phytophthora root and collar rot in chrysanthemum and no information is available about this disease in India. Therefore the aim of the present study is to isolate and characterize the pathogen causing collar rot and root rot disease of chrysanthemum. During year 2021, the plants exhibiting collar rot and root rot disease symptoms were received from the local farmers. Based on initial micro-morphological observation it was identified as Phytophthora sp. Further the pure culture of pathogen was isolated and confirmed its identity through cultural, morphological and amplification of the three regions/genes (ITS, tef-1α and β-tubulin) of Phytophthora sp. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequence derived from ITS, tef-1 and β-tubulin sequences of five Phytophthora isolates (PhN1, PhN2, PhN3, PhN4 and PhN5) showed close clustering of these isolates with Phytophthora nicotianae isolates infecting different crops. This is first detailed characterization of Phytophthora nicotianae causing collar rot and root rot in chrysanthemum in India.
Collar rot
Root rot
Phytophthora nicotianae
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The experiments were carried out during 2010 to 2011 to find out the time of application and level of inoculum of <italic>T.</italic> <italic>harzianum</italic> for controlling root rot (<italic>F. solani)</italic> and collar rot (<italic>S. rolfsii</italic>) of lentil (<italic>Lens culinaris</italic> Medik). <italic>F. solani</italic> and <italic>S. rolfsii</italic> and their antagonist, <italic>Trichoderma</italic> were collected from different pulses growing areas of Bangladesh. The experiments were carried out following CRD with five replications. Fourteen isolates of <italic>Trichoderma</italic> were tested against <italic>F. solani</italic> and <italic>S.</italic> <italic>rolfsii</italic> under Dual Culture Technique. The inhibition was ranged from 60.42 to 99.27% at 10 DAI against <italic>F. solani</italic> and from 64.07-99.41% at 6 DAI against <italic>S. rolfsii.</italic> The highest inhibition 99.27% against <italic>F. solani</italic> was found in isolate, Th-2 and 99.41% was found in isolate TG-2 against <italic>S. rolfsii</italic>. In the pot, the treatment of soil with the Th-2 isolate of <italic>T.</italic> <italic>harzianum</italic> at 2g/kg shown the highest germination (96.67%) and plant stand (81.67%) and the lowest root rot (15.52%), where the isolate of TG-2 of <italic>T. harzianum</italic> at 20g/kg of soil was observed better for controlling <italic>S. rolfsii</italic>. <italic>T. harzianum</italic> (Th-2) increased germination (17.86%), plant stand (171.43%), vigour index (33.27%) and yield (260.74%) over control against root rot. <italic>T. harzianum</italic> (TG-2) also increased germination (248%), plant stand (600%), vigour index (865.91%) and yield (1209.81%) of lentil over control against collar rot. The soil treatment with <italic>Trichoderma</italic> at 9, 6 and 3 days before sowing and also at the time of sowing showed significantly better effect in increasing germination, plant stand and reducing root rot and collar rot compared to control. The highest germination, seed yield and lower root rot was obtained by treating soil with <italic>Trichoderma</italic> before 9 days of sowing against both the pathogens.
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