The prelude of the end-Permian mass extinction predates a postulated bolide impact
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Permian–Triassic extinction event
Stratotype
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
Early Triassic
Conodont
Conodont
Permian–Triassic extinction event
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Early Triassic
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Conodont
Permian–Triassic extinction event
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Abstract This paper provides a synthetic review of researches on Meishan Section D, the Global Stratotype Section and Point of the Permian‐Triassic Boundary (PTB). The history of research, geographic and geological setting of the section are briefly introduced. Changhsingian to “Griesbachian” conodont and ammonoid zonations, the most perfect Permo‐Triassic zonations over the world, are presented, with a short discussion on the age of Otoceras. The Changhsingian to “Griesbachian” strata are subdivided into three 3rd order sequences, and the sedimentary structure of each sequence is indicated. The paper presents a correlation of the Changhsingian to “Griesbachian” magnetostratigraphy of the Meishan section with the general scale, and informed the negation of a short magnetic reversal at the PTB suggested by Zhu and Liu (1999). Recent developments of chemostratigraphy of δ 13 C and δ 34 S are introduced, especially the discovery of more than one negative δ 13 C excursions across the PTB. Two important molecular researches reveal the profound changes at the base of eco‐system, the microbial catastrophy, and the euxinic conditions in the photic zone during the Permian‐Triassic superanoxic event. The paper reports the changes in dating the age of PTB since 2001. According to recent achievements, the age of volcanogenic claybed 25, 14 cm below the PTB, is now set at 252.4±0.3 Ma. A discussion on the eventostratigraphy concludes that, although there is a major event episode at beds 25–26, the events across the PTB at Meishan are multi‐episodic and commenced prior to the Event Beds 25–26, thus the possibility that the mass extinction was mainly induced by an exterrestrial impact is largely excluded.
Conodont
Stratotype
Magnetostratigraphy
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Early Triassic
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Conodont
Marine transgression
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Excursion
Early Triassic
Radiometric dating
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Permian–Triassic extinction event
Stratotype
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
Early Triassic
Conodont
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Conodont
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Pelagic sediment
Early Triassic
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
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This paper provides a synthetic review of researches on Meishan Section D, the Global Stratotype Section and Point of the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB). The history of research, geographic and geological setting of the section are briefly introduced. Changhsingian to 'Griesbachian' conodont and ammonoid zonations, the most perfect Permo-Triassic zonations over the world, are presented, with a short discussion on the age of Otoceras. The Changhsingian to 'Griesbachian' strata are subdivided into three 3rd order sequences, and the sedimentary structure of each sequence is indicated. The paper presents a correlation of the Changhsingian to 'Griesbachian'magnetostratigraphy of the Meishan section with the general scale, and informed the negation of a short magnetic reversal at the PTB suggested by Zhu and Liu (1999). Recent developments of chemostratigraphy of δ13C and δ34S are introduced, especially the discovery of more than one negative δ 13C excursions across the PTB. Two important molecular researches reveal the profound changes at the base of eco-system, the microbial catastrophy, and the euxinic conditions in the photic zone during the Permian-Triassic superanoxic event. The paper reports the changes in dating the age of PTB since 2001. According to recent achievements, the age of volcanogenic claybed 25, 14 cm below the PTB, is now set at 252.4±0.3 Ma. A discussion on the eventostratigraphy concludes that, although there is a major event episode at beds 25-26, the events across the PTB at Meishan are multi-episodic and commenced prior to the Event Beds 25-26,thus the possibility that the mass extinction was mainly induced by an exterrestrial impact is largely excluded.
Conodont
Stratotype
Magnetostratigraphy
Early Triassic
Section (typography)
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Conodont
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Chemostratigraphy
Early Triassic
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
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Citations (162)
This paper provides a synthesis of the research conducted on the Meishan section D, the Global Stratotype Section and Point of the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB), East China. The historical, geographic and geological setting of the section are briefly introduced. Changhsingian to “Griesbachian” conodont and ammonoid zonations, one of the best Permo-Triassic zonations in the world, are presented, with a short discussion on the age of Otoceras. The paper presents a correlation of the Changhsingian to “Griesbachian” magnetostratigraphy along the Meishan section. Recent developments on the chemostratigraphy of δ~ 13 C and δ~ 34 S are introduced, especially the discovery of more than one negative δ~ 13 C excursions across the PTB. Two important molecular findings reveal profound changes at the base of ecosystem—the microbial catastrophe, and the euxinic conditions in the photic zone during the Permian-Triassic superanoxic event. The paper reports changes in the determination of the age of PTB since 2001. According to Mundil et al. (2004) the age of volcanogenic clay bed 25, 14 cm below the PTB, is now set at (252.4±0.3) Ma. A discussion on the event-stratigraphy concludes that, although there is a major event episode at beds 25-26, the events across the PTB at Meishan mountain are multi-episodic and commenced prior to the Event Beds 25-26. Therefore , the possibility that the mass extinction was mainly induced by an extraterrestrial impact is excluded.
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Conodont
Magnetostratigraphy
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Early Triassic
Section (typography)
Marine transgression
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Abstract Brachiopods suffered high levels of extinction during the Permian–Triassic crisis, and their diversity failed to return to Permian levels. In the aftermath of the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, brachiopods were extremely rare worldwide, especially in the southern hemisphere. Here, we report a new Early Triassic brachiopod fauna from the Selong section in southern Tibet, China. A new genus and three new species have been identified: Selongthyris plana Wang and Chen n. gen. n. sp., Piarorhynchella selongensis Wang and Chen n. sp., and Schwagerispira cheni Wang and Chen n. sp., which are typical. The ontogenies and internal structures of these three new species are described in detail. This brachiopod fauna corresponds to the Neospathodus pakistanensis and Neospathodus waageni conodont biozones and Kashmirites and Anasibirites ammonoid biozones, indicating a late Dienerian to late Smithian age. The post-extinction recovery of brachiopods in the Himalayas may have begun by the early Smithian of the Early Triassic. In addition, these species did not persist into the Spathian substage, suggesting that the newly evolved brachiopods in the southern Tethys were severely affected by the late Smithian extinction event. UUID: http://zoobank.org/f8fc8ced-432c-41d2-8c6c-d17bca527109
Conodont
Biozone
Early Triassic
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
Permian–Triassic extinction event
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