Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea—which, when, where, why?
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Suez canal
Mariculture
Alien species
Mediterranean Islands
ABSTRACT Seventy-two species of marine plants, all but two of which are algal species, are listed from the Suez Canal water system. Of these, 52 have not been recorded previously from the Suez Canal. Twelve of the newly recorded species are green algae, four are diatoms, eight are brown algae, eight are blue-greens and 21 are red algae. Of the 99 plant species reported from the Suez Canal since it was opened about a century ago, 47 are known from both the eastern Mediterranean and the northern Red Sea, 24 have been reported from the northern Red Sea but not from the eastern Mediterranean, 14 have been reported from the eastern Mediterranean and not from the Red Sea, and 14 have been found in the Suez Canal but not yet in both the eastern Mediterranean and the northern Red Sea. New and previously reported stations in the Suez Canal, as well as ecological remarks and notes on the occurrence of each species in the eastern Mediterranean and the northern Red Sea are given. The nature of Suez Canal flora, the c...
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The scientific evidence accumulated on the migrations that zooplankton make from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal was analyzed. A conclusion was reached that some of the zooplankton, e.g. copepods Pontellina plumata, Calocalanus pavoninus, Arietellus pavoninus, reported in the literature as immigrants from the Red Sea, may in fact come from the Atlantic. The assumption is based on the fact that these organisms occur both in the eastern and the western Mediterranean. They inhabit the Atlantic Ocean, the Gibraltar Strait and the adjoining seawater, but are absent from the Suez Canal.It can be presumed that some zooplankton species widespread in the world ocean entered the MediterraneanSea through the Gibraltar Strait and the Suez Canal.
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ABSTRACT Twelve species of fishes, all previously recorded from the Suez Canal, were collected. Seven are of Red Sea origin and five are from the Mediterranean. Four of the Red Sea species have migrated to the Mediterranean.
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Three specimens of the Indo-Pacific Bluespotted cornetfish Fistularia commersonii are recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean. The presence of this species in the Mediterranean is due to migration from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal.
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ABSTRACT This collection of benthic Polychaeta from the eastern bank of the Suez Canal contains 55 species. Thirty-eight of them are new records for the Suez Canal. Of these, 22 probably originate as follows: Red Sea, 13; Mediterranean, four; species common to the Red Sea and the Mediterranean, five. Seven possible new species belonging to the families Phyllodocidae, Syllidae and Eunicidae are described. The 38 new records, added to those reported by the Cambridge Expedition of 1924, bring the total number of Errantia species for the Suez Canal to 81. Two species are added to the list of Red Sea Polychaeta which have migrated into the eastern Mediterranean: Glycinde bonhourei, a rare species, reported from the Great Bitter Lake and the Mediterranean coast of the Sinai peninsula (El 'Arish); and Eunice indica, reported from the Suez Canal and from the Mediterranean coasts of Sinai and Israel. Branchiosyllis uncinigera, a Red Sea species recently found on the Israel coast, is now reported from the Suez Canal.
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ABSTRACT Four species of sponges of Red-Sea origin which have apparently immigrated into the eastern Mediterranean through the Suez Canal are described. One of these, Chrotella cavernosa (Lamk), which was collected from the floors of caverns and nips along the Israeli coast, has already been described by Burton (1936) from the fishery grounds near Alexandria. The other three species: Geodia micropunctata Row, Damiriana schmidti (Ridley) and Heteronema erecta Keller, are recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean.
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Sea coast
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Mariculture
Alien species
Mediterranean Islands
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Checklists of the alien ascidian fauna of Egyptian waters are provided covering the Suez Canal, the adjacent Mediterranean waters and the Gulf of Suez. Enrichment in ascidian species of the Suez Canal seems to have been on the increase since 1927. The distinctly uneven distribution pattern in the Canal appears to be directly related to the ship traffic system. Earlier reports on alien ascidian species in the Mediterranean are compared and discussed. Of 65 species recorded from the Mediterranean waters of Egypt in all, four are Erythrean migrants and four potentially so. Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816 is a new record for the Mediterranean Sea.
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Three specimens of the Indo‐Pacific Bluespotted cornetfish Fistularia commersonii are recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean. The presence of this species in the Mediterranean is due to migration from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal.
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ABSTRACT In ca. 170 plankton samples from the eastern Mediterranean Sea 15 species of hydro-medusae were found; six of these occur in the western Mediterranean but have not previously been found in the eastern part. Four species are new to the Mediterranean Sea; probably two of these have been transported through the Suez Canal from the Red Sea. Data of the stations where the plankton has been collected are included.
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