A novel piezo-driven linear-rotary inchworm actuator
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Rotary actuator
Linear actuator
Linear motion
A piezoelectric actuator was developed to operate safely deep inside the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine bore. It is based on novel design that produces linear and rotary motion simultaneously increasing the accuracy of medical needle insertion procedures. The actuation method is based on the piezoworm principle, minimizing the actuator size, maximizing output force, and permitting micrometer scale insertion accuracy. Beryllium copper with high stiffness and strength was used in constructing the actuator to minimize image distortion and to achieve the targeted performance. Performance tests were performed by controlling the frequency input and observing the effect on speed, force and torque. The device achieved a linear speed of 5.4 mm/s and a rotary speed of 10.5 rpm.
Rotary actuator
Linear actuator
Micrometer
Distortion (music)
Linear motion
Pneumatic actuator
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Mechanical linear actuators are employed extensively in various industrial applications where a linear motion is required. Typical linear mechanical actuators such as ball screws, chain drives, scotch yokes and rack-and-pinion systems convert a rotary motion into a linear motion using different mechanisms. In this paper, a novel magnetic rotary-to-linear actuator is introduced. The proposed actuator utilizes permanent magnets to transmit mechanical power from a rotary part (the rotor) to a linear part (the slider) or vice versa. There is no mechanical contact between the rotor and the slider which results in higher reliability, less maintenance requirements and longer lifetime. Although, this rotary-to-linear system is intended to replace mechanical linear actuators, it could also be used in linear-to-rotary systems such as in wave energy converters. The system was analyzed and simulated using 3-D Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Moreover, a prototype was built, and the concept of operation was experimentally verified.
Linear actuator
Rotary actuator
Linear motion
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Abstract To meet the demand of designing piezoelectric actuators with long working stroke and high resolution, a new parasitic motion principle (PMP) linear actuator based on the symmetrical Z-shaped compliant mechanism was proposed in this paper. The mechanism design and the operation principle of the proposed linear actuator were elaborated. The theoretical model of the symmetrical Z shaped compliant mechanism deformation was established, and was verified by the simulation analysis. Experimental studies were conducted on a manufactured prototype to investigate the performances of the proposed linear actuator. The results indicate that a linear actuator with bi-directional motion can be achieved, which has a resolution of 106 nm in the forward direction and 84 nm in the reverse direction. Under the locking force of 0.8 N, the maximum speed of 270 µ m s −1 was reached, when the amplitude and the frequency of the driving voltage were set to 60 V and 650 Hz. It is also noted that the proposed linear actuator can work with a loading capacity of 25 g. This study has provided an alternative way for the development of a PMP linear actuator with bi-directional motion.
Linear actuator
Linear motion
Rotary actuator
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This Letter presents a flexible wire‐driven linear actuator using a bio‐inspired sealing method that allows to replace a rigid rod by a flexible one and reduce the size of a robot link containing pneumatic or hydraulic linear actuators. Conventional pneumatic or hydraulic linear actuator sealing hinders the use of flexible wires as actuator rods. In contrast, the proposed tube sealing resembles a long balloon wrapping around the wire and stretching or contracting with the wire rod motion. Therefore, the wire is separated from the chamber and prevents fluid leakage through the flexible wire rod. This sealing method is inspired by earthworm which has slippery skin and stretching or contracting motion. The authors fabricated a prototype wire rod pneumatic linear actuator using the proposed tube seal and conducted leakage tests. In addition, the authors evaluated linearity between the input pressure and output force to determine the linear actuator performance.
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In this paper, we propose a linear oscillatory actuator that can convert a rotational motion into a linear motion by using a new magnetic movement converter and a dc motor. The basic construction and the operation principle of the proposed actuator are described. Finally, we clarify that the proposed actuator has fewer harmonics in the thrust and the armature position characteristics, and reduces the load torque of the dc motor.
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Linear motion
Linear actuator
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We propose a novel pneumatic actuator for applying to inspection robots in narrow spaces. This actuator is 25 mm in maximum diameter and has unlimited stroke length and high speed motion by converting expansive power of pressurized tube to rolling motion. The maximum generating force of it is more than 20 N at 500 kPa pressure and the maximum linear motion velocity is more than 9 m/s. In this paper, we established a dynamic model of this actuator and simulated the generating force to applied pressure. Furthermore, we carried out the measurement experiment of the generating force in order to verify the validity of the dynamic model and optimize the actuator.
Linear actuator
Pneumatic actuator
Rotary actuator
Stroke
Linear motion
Electro-hydraulic actuator
Expansive
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Electro Mechanical linear Actuators as the name suggests are linear actuators operated by electric motor. The linear motion is desirable to drive a high inertia weapon system in elevation axis. In this paper, design and development aspects of an Electromechanical linear actuator using Roller screw has been attempted. Initial Comparison with ball screw drive suggests that roller screws are favorable for high dynamic load application. Selection and functional parameters of roller screw had been evaluated to optimize the linear actuator based on roller screw. This paper studies in detail the design aspects of an electromechanical linear actuator. The variation of different parameters with respect to Lead of the roller screw has been studied.
Linear actuator
Ball screw
Rotary actuator
Linear motion
Worm drive
Linear relationship
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A novel flexible pneumatic linear actuator is proposed in this paper. The proposed actuator realizes high-speed reciprocating motion by the moving part which has multiple rollers moves smoothly along the flexible hollow shaft. An effective application of this actuator is its use in endoscope robots and tether robots because cables of cameras or sensors can be passed inside the actuator by using the hollow structure. First, we discuss the physical model of the actuator pressurized in the resting state, and we provide an analysis of the generated force of the actuator. The model relates the generated force to the relevant design parameters such as the applied pressure, the material of the pressure chamber, the size of the moving part, etc. Second, we describe the measurement experiment of the generated force, and we show the validity of our model by comparing the experimental results with the analysis results. Third, we present the motion evaluation using a prototype of the actuator. We found that the maximum velocity of the moving parts is 9 m/s and that the moving parts can move smoothly even if the actuator is curved. Finally, we present the drive mechanism that uses the actuator, as an application example.
Rotary actuator
Pneumatic actuator
Reciprocating motion
Linear actuator
Stroke
Linear motion
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Rotary actuator
Linear actuator
Linear motion
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Abstract This paper introduces the design, fabrication and characterization of a micro electromagnetic linear actuator integrated with magnetic guide. The actuator consists of a slider, a stator and a magnetic guide. A magnetic guide is used to replace the mechanical rail of conventional linear actuator to ensure the linear motion and to avoid friction. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of magnetic guide on the dynamic characteristics of electromagnetic linear actuator and measuring techniques for micro-actuators. To test the resistance to motion and output thrust force of the actuator, a cantilever type force sensor is proposed, which can measure the small force in ∼mN order, and the measurement error is less than 3%. Using this sensor, the output thrust measured is higher than 10 mN when 1 A current is applied, and the friction force of the actuator measured is about 7.73 mN. Two-phase square wave and sine wave current are used to drive the actuator, the minimum driving current and frequency of the actuator are less than 0.1 A and 1 Hz respectively. The actuator attains a maximum stable moving speed of 0.15 m s −1 with the input signal frequency of below 250 Hz. In addition, the anti-interference capability of the actuator is evaluated through simulations and experiments. These results show that the actuator can bear an interference 45 times its own gravity in the directions that are perpendicular to the moving freedom, and can adjust the direction of motion automatically when the rotation angle in three orthogonal directions is less than 6°.
Rotary actuator
Linear motion
Linear actuator
Sine wave
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