Polarization Spectroscopy of Early Increase in Blood Supply in Predysplastic Stages of Colon Carcinogenesis
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This article discusses the factors which determine the blood supply of free skin flaps. The method of free transfer consists of three steps, namely, the elevation of the flap, its transfer to the target area with microvascular anastomosis, and the healing of the flap on the recipient site. During the first two steps the flaps meet with a diminished blood supply and, in addition, their tissues undergo a period of ischemia. The flaps are usually able - within certain limits - to tolerate these disturbances of blood circulation. The healing of the flap begins with the proliferation of capillaries in the recipient site, which is stimulated by the relative hypoxia of the transferred tissues. The first capillary links between the recipient site and the flap can usually be observed on the third day after the transfer. On the sixth day after the operation, the anastomoses are quite numerous and can take over the blood supply to the flap. The progress of this dynamic process depends on the functional ability of the anastomosed vascular pedicle. The development of a new blood supply to the flap leads to profound remodelling of its original vascular system and the axial character of the flap is usually lost.
Blood supply
Blood circulation
Skin flap
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CTによる膀胱腫瘍浸潤度判定をより客観的なものとする目的で, 新たに理想膀胱外壁線および腫瘍根部径 (W)-縦径 (H) 比を設定して各浸潤度別に比較検討し, 以下の検討結果をえた. (1) CTによる形態診断で, 小乳頭状型, 乳頭状有茎性型, 乳頭状無茎性型を示したものはすべて Stage B1以下であつた. 広基結節型を示した23例中19例は, CTによる判定通り広基結節型 Stage B2以上であつたが, 残りの4例は摘出標本では乳頭状無茎性型 Stage B1であつた. (2) 体位変換時の腫瘍変位性は, 乳頭状有茎性型形態を示したもののみに認められ, そのすべてが Stage B1以下であつた. (3) 理想膀胱外壁線外への腫瘍突出は広基結節型を示した Stage C 以上の全例に認められた. また, 従来膀胱壁外には突出しないとされてきた Stage B2の6例中4例に認められた. 突出した腫瘍根部の外壁を比較すると Stage B2ではその突出部の性状は平滑であつたが, Stage C 以上の場合は不整であつた. (4) W/H比に関しては, 乳頭状型を呈した Stage B1以下と広基結節型を呈した Stage B2以上は1.2で明瞭に判別できた.以上より作成したCTによる膀胱腫瘍浸潤度判定基準により, Stage B1以下では37例中26例 (70%), Stage B2以上では19例中16例 (84%). 特に膀胱内注入物質として空気を用いた場合, Stage B2以上において15例中15例 (100%) と非常に高い一致率が得られた.本判定基準による膀胱腫瘍浸潤度のCT診断は, 従来は極めて困難であつた深層浸潤性腫瘍の各 Stage の判別診断を可能とし, 臨床上極めて有用なものと考える.
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TP53 gene has been found to have the highest correlation with human tumors, and its mutations occurr in about 50% malignant tumors. Its encoded p53 protein is a well-known tumor-suppressor factor in vivo, which is closely related to tumorigenesis. It is found that tumorigenesis has a close relationship with various abnormal biological processes, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, cell senescence, autophagy, metabolic regulation. This paper reviews the complex network relationship between p53 protein and tumorigenesis from biological processes affecting the tumorigenesis.
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Neoplams; Tumor suppressor protein p53; Biological processes
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Objective To detect the expression and role of PTTG mRNA in human colorectal cancer.Methods The expression of PTTG mRNA was evaluated in 12 normal colorectal tissues,20 colorectal adenoma tissues and 44 colorectal cancer tissues by RT-PCR.Results The expression of PTTG mRNA in colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in colorectal adenoma and normal colorectal tissues.The PTTG mRNA expression in the Dukes C,D colorectal cancer was higher than that in the Dukes A,B cancer(P0.05).The expression in the colorectal cancer with lymph node metastasis was higher than that in the cancer without lymph node metastasis(P0.05).Conclusion The expression of PTTG mRNA increases in colorectal cancer,and is related with cell differentiation and metastasis.The abnormal expression of PTTG probably participates in genesis and development of colorectal cancers.
Colorectal adenoma
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Groin
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A cervical island myocutaneous flap is useful for reconstruction of surgically induced defects in the oral region. The blood supply to this flap is, however, problematic because of the complex vasculature. We report on 5 patients who received cervical island myocutaneous flaps composed of submental or mandibular angle-based flaps in terms of blood supply.
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地方性甲状腺腫は臨床, 病理学的に複雑な経過を示し, 疫学的, 病理学的発生論や治療の選択に多くの難題が残されている. 著者は本症の病期検討および妥当な病期分類がこれらの検索, 解明にきわめて有用であると着目し, 甲状腺剔出を行なった地方性甲状腺腫336例を臨床, 病理学的に精査し下記の結果をえた. 1) 地方性甲状腺腫は臨床的, 病理学的経過からStage 1;過形成期, Stage 2;腫大期, Stage 3;結節形成期と分類できた. 2) 本症は病期の進行に伴い病悩期間は長くなり, 甲状腺腫は増大し種々の局所圧迫症状をみるが, 合併症がなければ全身的, 臨床生化学的所見はほぼ正常である. 3) 臨床, 病理学的に本症はStage 1からStage 2さらにStage 3に進行し, Stage 3は終末期である. 4) 病変の占居部位はStage 1では両葉性, Stage 2では両葉性と単葉性がほぼ等しく, Stage 3では単葉性が多い点からもStageの進行度を裏付けられる. 5) 336例のうち男性39例, 女性297例, 男女比1:7.6で, 発生のピークは女性では20才から30才代, 男性は30才から40才代であった. 6) 手術適応例は若年者より成人に多く, 女性は男性より著しく多い. ヨード治療の効果が若年者ほど良好で, 男性は女性よりもヨード感受性が高いためである. 7) Stage 3の9.4%に甲状腺機能亢進症 (4.03%), 腺腫 (1.34%), 甲状腺癌 (4.03%) などの共存疾患がみられた. 8) ヨード治療はStage 1では効果的であるがStage 2では無効でStage 3に進行し, 種々の合併症を起こすこともあり, Stage 2における手術が望ましい.
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