Group B streptococcus infection in pregnancy: an update
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Abstract:
Group B streptococcus (GBS), or Streptococcus agalactiae , has been a continuing focus of debate in the paediatric and obstetric worlds. The organism has emerged as the leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis. With an average of 20% of mothers being carriers for the organism (range from 15–40%), the following questions remain to be answered: 1 How best to screen for GBS and which protocol to use? 2 How best to counsel patients who are GBS carriers? 3 What is the cost effectiveness of the screening protocols?Keywords:
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Neonatal Sepsis
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Etiology
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Group B streptococcus (GBS), or Streptococcus agalactiae , has been a continuing focus of debate in the paediatric and obstetric worlds. The organism has emerged as the leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis. With an average of 20% of mothers being carriers for the organism (range from 15–40%), the following questions remain to be answered: 1 How best to screen for GBS and which protocol to use? 2 How best to counsel patients who are GBS carriers? 3 What is the cost effectiveness of the screening protocols?
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Neonatal Infection
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Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important pathogen that causes serious infections in newborns. Pregnant screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis are actually the strategies to prevent GBS disease in neonates because vaccination is under investigation. Materials and Methods: Simultaneously, 156 isolates of GBS and 156 isolates other than GBS covering 17 different species, were tested to evaluate the selectivity of a new chromogenic medium to screen GBS. Results: The new new chromogenic medium showed an excellent performance, exhibiting a very high level of inclusivity (100%) and exclusivity (96.1%).
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Group B streptococcus (GBS) or Streptococcus agalactiae is a cause of considerable neonatal morbidity and mortality. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for mothers colonized with GBS has markedly reduced the rates of early-onset neonatal GBS bacteremia. Recurrent late-onset GBS bacteremia is a rare occurrence. Mucosal colonization and breast milk contamination have been implicated as causes of the recurrence. We report a case of recurrent late-onset neonatal GBS bacteremia from the United Arab Emirates, in a term baby whose mother was GBS negative on antenatal screens, with breast milk culture positivity for GBS. To our knowledge, this is the first report from the Middle East region.
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Group B streptococcus (also indicated as streptococcus agalactiae) is a well-known cause of severe infections in younginfants but also an unusual microorganism to be isolated in case of septic arthritis, especially in newborns in Korea. Wereport a case of monoarticular septic arthritis caused by group B streptococcus in a 22-day-old baby.
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Group B streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) has emerged in recent years as an important cause of invasive infection in non-pregnant adults. However, GBS meningitis in this group is rare. The majority of cases reported previously have been in patients with underlying immunosuppression. Here we report a case of GBS meningitis in a previously healthy adult.
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Immunosuppression
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Neonatal Sepsis
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Isolation
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