Phase Diagram of the Fe - C - Mn System and some Structural Effects in this System: Part 3. Polythermal Sections and Projections of the Diagram
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Isothermal process
Isothermal process
Electron probe microanalysis
Ternary compound
Ternary numeral system
Phase boundary
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In the drinking water treatment, the aesthetic and color problem are caused by the manganese which is occurring and present in the surface, lake and ground water. The most common treatment processes for removing manganese are known for oxidation followed by filtration. In this study, the manganese sand process was used for removing manganese with river bank filtrate as a source. In the manganese sand process, the residual chlorine and pH are important factors on the continuous manganese oxidation. In addition, space velocity (SV) and alum dosage are play a role of manganese removal. Even though manganese removal increased with increasing chlorine concentration, the control of residual chlorine is actually difficult in this process As the results of tests, the residual chlorine concentration as well as manganese removal were effectively achieved at pH 7.5. The optimum attached manganese concentration on manganese sand was confirmed to 0.3mg/L by the experimental result of a typical sand converting to manganese sand.
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Abstract In the smelting process of high manganese steel, the volatilization of manganese will be accompanied. In this article, the volatilization of manganese in high manganese steel was studied by simultaneous thermal analyzer. The results show that the volatilization rate of manganese in high manganese steel increases with increasing temperature and holding time. It is proved by experimental study and data analysis that manganese volatilization follows the first-order kinetics model, and the empirical formula of manganese evaporation is derived. The volatile products of manganese were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the volatile components of manganese mainly consisted of MnO, Mn 3 O 4 , Mn 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 . Combined with thermodynamics, the mechanism of manganese volatilization is further analyzed, and two forms of manganese volatilization in high manganese steel are revealed. One is that manganese atoms on the surface of high manganese steel and oxygen atoms in the gas form different types of manganese oxides and then volatilize at high temperature. The other way is that Mn atoms vaporize into Mn vapor and evaporate in high temperature environment, and then are oxidized into different types of manganese oxides. The results of theoretical calculation and experiment show that manganese volatilization is mainly in the first form.
Volatilisation
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Water soluble
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Effects of manganese availability on soybean (Glycine max) growth,acquisition of manganese,iron and phosphorus were investigated. The results showed that soybean growth was significantly inhibited when manganese was deficient or beyond 50 μmol·L-1 in the media. With increase of manganese concentration,more manganese was accumulated in plants,especially in old leaves. Antagonistic effects were observed between manganese and iron. Acquisition of phosphorus was not affected by manganese availability. However,distribution of phosphorus in old and young leaves was significantly influenced by manganese deficiency.
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Isothermal process
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1. A fraction of soil manganese soluble in buffered pyrophosphate solutions has been identified as three-valent manganese, present in the extract as a soluble complex salt of mangani-pyrophosphoric acid H[MnP 3 O 7 ]. 2. Evidence is given to show that a very significant part of soil manganese may be present as three-valent manganese, and that the product of oxidation of divalent manganese in soils is three-valent manganese. In any soil where the production of divalent manganese by reducing processes is going on at any appreciable rate, the oxidation of divalent manganese will supply three-valent manganese, which may therefore be expected to form a relatively large part of the manganese of certain soils.
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Plant Physiology
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This chapter contains sections titled: Mn Facts about Manganese Discovery "Braunstein" for Coloring – and Discoloring – of the Glass Melt. Transforms Copper to Silver! Braunstein, Pyrolusite, What Is It in Reality? Early Attempts to Find the Metal in Pyrolusite The Pyrolusite Chemistry Clears Up Finally an Accepted Metal in Pyrolusite A Name for the New Metal Manganese in Iron Ores Manganese Deposits in Our Time Manganese Minerals Manganese Ores Mine Production of Manganese Manganese Nodules in the Ocean Manufacture of Some Manganese Products Ferromanganese Manganese Metal Manganese Dioxide Uses of Manganese and Manganese Products Manganese in Steel Manganese in Aluminum and Copper Alloys Battery Applications Other Uses of Manganese Chemicals Manganese in Life A Toxic Element … … but Essential for Life
Pyrolusite
Ferromanganese
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