Expression of phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 kDa (PEA-15) in astrocytic tumors: a novel approach of correlating malignancy grade and prognosis
Yosuke WatanabeFumiyuki YamasakiYoshinori KajiwaraTaiichi SaitoTakeshi NishimotoChandra BartholomeuszNaoto T. UenoKazuhiko SugiyamaKaoru Kurisu
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Anaplastic astrocytoma
Phosphoprotein
Anaplastic astrocytoma
Tumor progression
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Objective To make use of atomic force microscope to detect the difference and change of II/ WHO,III/WHO in the surface structures of cell membrance,then to provide help and guide for the clinical differential diagnosis between Astrocytoma and Anaplastic astrocytoma.Methods Between Astrocytoma and Anaplastic astrocytoma,we choose 30 examples from each.10 cells each example was chosen randomly and scanned with AFM using tapping mode in the range of 1 μm,the surface of cell membranes being measured in terms of rough,peak value,as well as difference of surface area.We observed the Frame changes in the two groups to find out the morphologic features.Results We found out the surface of cell membrane in the two groups had significant differences on rough,peak value,and difference of surface area.The Astrocytoma cells were significantly lower than Anaplastic astrocytoma cells(P0.05).Conclusions In our experiment,we can observe the Astrocytoma and Anaplastic astrocytoma cells with AFM,then make a differential diagnosis with the data of the surface of cell membranes.
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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of DR4 and DR5 in human anaplastic astrocytoma.Methods The expression of DR4 and DR5 was determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in 24 samples of anaplastic astrocytoma and 16 samples of normal brain tissue.Results DR was expressed highly in all anaplastic astrocytoma samples,while its expression in part of normal brain tissue was low.DR protein expression in anaplastic astrocytoma tissue was significantly higher than that in normal brain tissue(P(0.01)).There was no significant difference between the expression of DR mRNA in normal brain tissue and that in anaplastic astrocytoma tissue(P0.05).Conclusions High DR expression is prevalent in anaplastic astrocytoma tissue and this may contribute to the apoptosis-inducing therapy of anaplastic astrocytoma.The difference in expression of DR protein in normal brain tissue and in anaplastic astrocytoma may be one of the mechamisms of selective induction of apoptosis by TRAIL.
Anaplastic astrocytoma
Brain tissue
Human brain
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BACKGROUND The prognosis of pediatric patients with nonpilocytic astrocytoma, and in particular those with anaplastic astrocytoma, is somewhat unpredictable. This study used MIB-1 monoclonal antibody, a proliferative marker that can be used in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues, to study nonpilocytic pediatric astrocytoma. METHODS Astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma specimens excised from a total of 101 pediatric patients during the period from January 1975 to September 1996 were retrieved from the authors' surgical pathology file. Histologic grading of the specimens was performed based on a modified Ringertz system. The proliferative potential of the tumors was estimated by using the MIB-1 labeling index (LI), which was evaluated with morphologic grades of tumors and survival of the patients. RESULTS Of the 101 patients, 34 had astrocytoma, 33 had anaplastic astrocytoma, and 34 had glioblastoma. Their mean survival times were 165.2 ± 14.9 months (mean ± standard error; SE), 46.1 ± 9.9 months, and 21.8 ± 5.6 months, respectively. The mean MIB-1 LI of different tumor grades were as follows: astrocytoma, 3.9 ± 4.3 (mean ± standard deviation; range, 0.0-21.6); anaplastic astrocytoma, 24.3 ± 15.6 (range, 1.7-62.8); and glioblastoma, 35.9 ± 16.4 (range, 7.36-63.3). The mean survival of the entire group of patients with LIs ≤ 11 was 173.2 ± 12.2 months (mean ± SE), and the mean survival of those with LIs > 11 was 20.3 ± 4.1 months. The survival of anaplastic astrocytoma patients with LIs ≤ 11 was similar to that of astrocytoma patients, whereas the survival of anaplastic astrocytoma patients with LI > 11 was similar to that of patients with glioblastoma. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study show that histopathologic grading can predict the outcome for patients with astrocytomas and glioblastomas, whereas MIB-1 LI can separate better and worse prognostic groups in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma. Cancer 1998;82:2459-2466. © 1998 American Cancer Society.
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Abnormalities of the p53 gene are the most common molecular change in human cancer. In the central nervous system, mutant p53 gene is frequently identified in the tumors with astrocytic differentiation. To investigate the relation between histologic subtypes and p53 protein overexpression, we examined 81 cases of astrocytic neoplasms (24 benign astrocytoma, 28 anaplastic astrocytoma and 29 glioblastoma multiforme) using the standard immunohistochemical method. All were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. The p53 immunoreactivity was found in 4/24 benign astrocytoma, 18/28 anaplastic astrocytoma, 22/29 glioblastoma multiforme. The degree of immunoreactivity closely correlated with histologic subtypes (p < 0.001). Overall p53 protein expression was most frequently detected in glioblastoma multiforme, but strong immunoreactivity (3+) was more frequently found in the anaplastic astrocytoma than in glioblastoma multiforme. Although the frequency of p53 protein expression is low, 4 benign astrocytoma showed distinct nuclear staining. In conclusion the malignant progression of astrocytic neoplasms may be associated with increasing expression of p53 protein.
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Time trends in the incidence of glioma may reflect changes in the prevalence of environmental risk factors for glioma. We therefore investigated trends in the incidence of childhood and adult glioma in the Netherlands from 1989 to 2003. We used population-based incidence data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. We calculated European standardised incidence rates for glioma, and stratified for age, gender and glioma subgroups. Changes in the incidence were estimated by calculating the Estimated Annual Percentage Change. Similar to other countries, the overall incidence of glioma was fairly stable in the Netherlands during the period 1989 to 2003, for both children and adults. In adult astrocytic glioma, a significantly increasing incidence of high-grade astrocytoma was balanced by simultaneous decreases of low-grade astrocytoma, astrocytoma with unknown malignancy grade and glioma of uncertain histology. Most of these time trends can be explained by improving detection and diagnostic precision. Stable incidence rates of adult and childhood glioma suggest that no major changes in environmental risk factors have occurred, which influenced the incidence of glioma in the studied period.
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Phosphoprotein
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Low-grade glioma is predisposed to progress to anaplastic astrocytoma and eventually secondary glioblastoma. The malignant transformation may involve the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of miR-544 in glioma progression and discuss whether it may be a novel biomarker of malignant transformation. The expression of miR-544 was measured in a series of 198 glioma samples (63 low-grade glioma, 44 anaplastic astrocytoma and 91 glioblastoma tumors) using microarrays. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression levels of miR-544 in tissue and serum samples in an independent validated cohort (25 low-grade glioma, 21 anaplastic astrocytoma and 20 glioblastoma tumors). A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlation between miR-544 levels of tissue and serum samples. Microarrays revealed that the expression levels of miR-544 decreased significantly in anaplastic gliomas (P<0.01) or glioblastoma (P<0.01) compared with low-grade gliomas. In an independent cohort of glioma patients, miR-544 exhibited a progression-associated downregulation in glioma tumors. The levels of miR-544 in serum samples tended to be lower in anaplastic and glioblastoma patients compared with low-grade gliomas, but with no significant difference. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a weakly positive correlation between tissue and serum levels of miR-544. These data support a significant role for miR-544 aberration in the malignant transformation of glioma. The downregulation of miR-544 in tissue may be used as a novel biomarker.
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Tissue microarray
Malignant Transformation
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