Early interactions of foot-and-mouth disease virus with cultured cells
75
Citation
39
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Aphthovirus
Penetration (warfare)
Virus isolation is the gold standard for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) detection in diagnostic procedures. This technique is heavily reliant on the use of sensitive cells for rapid and accurate detection of FMDV. To investigate the sensitivity of RM (primary lamb kidney cells), BHK-21 (baby hamster kidney cells) and IR-P1 (a derivative of female pig kidney cells) to infection with FMDV of the Southern African Territories (SAT) serotypes, we examined the virus concentration required to induce cytopathic effect (CPE) on each cell type. The results suggested that sensitivity of RM and IR-P1 cells was high and not significantly different (P < 0.05). BHK-21 however, exhibited low sensitivity to the strains used. Comparisons of three batches of each cell type were also done to establish the consistency of the sensitivity of these cells to FMDV infection. IR-P1 and BHK-21 cell batches gave consistent results for all samples used whereas RM cells showed significant differences (P > 0.05) between batches. TCID 50/ml was used to determine the viral titre required to induce CPE. IR-P1 cell line proved to have consistently higher TCID50/mL for all cell batches while RM cell batches displayed a difference in TCID50/mL values. The IR-P1 cell line was concluded to be a good cell culture system for virus isolation as it showed relatively high and reproducible sensitivity to all the FMDV strains used. The findings of this study indicate that the use of IR-P1 cell line could be considered for FMDV diagnostic work.
Cytopathic effect
Cite
Citations (6)
Aphthovirus
Cite
Citations (10)
Cite
Citations (29)
The production and release of R-type virus-like particles (VLP) was studied in several Syrian hamster cell lines. Most but not all hamster cell lines contain detectable levels of R-type VLP. However, only BHK-21 clone F (CF) cells would release the VLP into culture fluids. Treatment with dexamethasone enhanced to a limited extent the production and release of VLP from BHK-21 CF cells. Actinomycin D inhibited the production and release of R-type VLP in hamster cells, suggesting that some transcription from DNA is necessary for VLP production. Furthermore, 5-iododeoxyuridine induced the production of R-type VLP in Syrian hamster embryo cells. These results suggest that R-type VLP are endogenous to Syrian hamsters.
Cell type
Wild type
clone (Java method)
Cite
Citations (6)
Hyaluronidase
Rous sarcoma virus
Chemically defined medium
Cite
Citations (5)
Aphthovirus
Penetration (warfare)
Cite
Citations (75)
Foot-and-mouth disease virus appears to initiate infection by binding to cells at an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence found in the flexible beta G-beta H loop of the viral capsid protein VP1. The role of the RGD sequence in attachment of virus to cells was tested by using synthetic full-length viral RNAs mutated within or near the RGD sequence. Baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells transfected with three different RNAs carrying mutations bordering the RGD sequence produced infectious viruses with wild-type plaque morphology; however, one of these mutant viruses bound to cells less efficiently than wild type. BHK cells transfected with RNAs containing changes within the RGD sequence produced noninfectious particles indistinguishable from wild-type virus in terms of sedimentation coefficient, binding to monoclonal antibodies, and protein composition. These virus-like particles are defined as ads- viruses, since they were unable to adsorb to and infect BHK cells. These mutants were defective only in cell binding, since antibody-complexed ads- viruses were able to infect Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing an immunoglobulin Fc receptor. These results confirm the essential role of the RGD sequence in binding of foot-and-mouth disease virus to susceptible cells and demonstrate that the natural cellular receptor for the virus serves only to bind virus to the cell.
Aphthovirus
Antibody-dependent enhancement
Cite
Citations (259)
The effect of adeno-12 and adeno-5 viruses on the incorporation of thy-midine-H3 by cultures of human KB cells, newborn hamster kidney cells, and hamster embryo cells was investigated by radioautog-raphy. In KB cultures, infection with either adeno-5 or adeno-12 virus significantly increased the percentage of labelled cells, but the number of silver grains per labelled cell was somewhat lower than for control cultures. In hamster kidney cells, infection with either adeno-5 or adeno-12 decreased the mitotic index but significantly increased both the percentage of labelled cells and the intensity of label per labelled cell. Intranuclear viral inclusion bodies were formed in as high as 90% of the hamster kidney cells infected with adeno-5, which replicates in hamster cells. The incorporated label was closely associated with the intranuclear viral inclusion bodies. No viral inclusion bodies were found in the hamster kidney cells infected with adeno-12, which has an incomplete growth cycle in hamster cells. Hamster embryo cultures contained only a small percentage of epithelial cells and it was only in these that the intranuclear viral inclusion bodies were found following infection with adeno-5. Fibroblastic cells, and therefore hamster embryo cultures, were much less susceptible to adenovirus-5 (and probably to adeno-12) than the predominantly epithelial hamster kidney cultures. The percentage of labelled cells following infection of hamster embryo cultures with either adeno-5 or adeno-12 increased only slightly as compared to the hamster kidney cultures.
Mesocricetus
Cite
Citations (27)
Human kidney
Thymidine
Cite
Citations (43)
Nuclease protection assay
Aphthovirus
Cite
Citations (36)