The Container Yard Producing Simulation and Equipment Configuration
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The paper discusses the characteristic of container terminals automatic yard system and the purpose of system simulation. A series of numeric simulation model of the container yard logistics system were constructed based the AutoMod software. The models were checked up and applied in a certain container terminals automatic yard, the analysis of the results shows that the models were tried. Some research on the optimization of yard machine scheme was made, and some reasonable result achieved. All this provides the decision support for the terminal management.Keywords:
Yard
Simulation software
Container yard daily production organization has the characteristics of microanalysis and detailed information, but in previous simulation studies, details about container yard have only been described roughly, and the entities have been simplified. In this case, the paper presents the concepts about CYMSM (CYMSM: Container Yard Microanalysis Simulation Model), analyzes characteristics of CYMSM, makes general studies on CYMSM construction method, and describes the four elements separately, which are Entity, Event, Activity & Process (EEAP). This paper explores the operation rule which influences the validity of CYMSM, based on this, it has created a relative simulation mechanism. This paper has also offered the evaluation index and adjustment mechanism of container yard simulation model based on the microscopic analysis. The results of study can provide evidence for building container yard operation simulation system. And this system, for the purpose of offering strategy supports, has been applied to certain container yard in Shanghai, thus proving the effectiveness of this method.
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Microanalysis
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Yard
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This paper addresses the applications of different techniques for solving container terminals problems. We have built a simulation model that can be used to analyze the performance of container terminal operations. The proposed approach is intended to be applied for a real case study in Alexandria Container Terminal (ACT) at Alexandria port. The implementation of our approach shows that a proposed model increases the efficiency of Alexandria container terminal at Alexandria port.
Port (circuit theory)
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Container yard daily production organization is microscopic and scrupulous,but in previous simulation studies,details about container yard have been described roughly,and the entities have been simplified.In this case,the paper presents the concept of CYMSM(CYMSM: Container Yard Microanalysis Simulation Model),analyzes the characteristics of CYMSM,makes studies on CYMSM construction method in a general sense,and describes the four elements separately,which are Entity,Event,Activity Process(EEAP).This paper explores the operation rule which influences the validity of CYMSM,based on this,it has defined a corresponding simulation mechanism.This paper has also offered the evaluation index and adjustment mechanism of container yard simulation model based on the microscopic analysis.The results of the study can provide evidence for building container yard production operation simulation system.
Yard
Simulation Modeling
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Optimising the Handling Capacity in a Container Terminal for Establishing Efficient Handling Systems
This paper presents a mathematical model using the queuing theory for optimising the handling capacity in a container terminal. This model determines an optimal solution such that the total cost incurred in a container terminal can be minimised. The results obtained from this model were consistent with those from a simulation model also developed in this paper. Applications of the mathematical model to an actual container terminal indicated that the performance of handling systems in a container terminal could be considerably improved by the reduced number of berths, the efficient use of gantry cranes and the implementation of Port EDI systems.
Port (circuit theory)
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On the basis of the full analysis of the characteristics of container terminal transportation system, a twodimensional method adaptable to perpendicular and horizontal evaluation for the construction of container terminal is presented. Meanwhile a corresponding evaluation model based on ANN is provided in this paper.
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Increasing the container volume and the lack of land acquisition for terminal development is a problem encountered by container terminal operators in Indonesia in the last years. To maintain the high demand on terminal service, the operator uses Inland Container Depots (ICD) as one of the fastest and cheapest solutions with some limitations compared to port expansion. Capacity and location are issues that should be addressed when ICD is used as one of the capacity-solving problems. ICD operation will increase the ability of the terminal services, yet the connecting roads that are also used by non-container traffic will affect the transfer operation of containers from the terminal to ICD. The container movement from the terminal to ICD is determined by the value of Yard Occupancy Ratio (YOR). The method that integrates the decision of transferring containers from the terminal and selecting ICD locations is required to cope with this issue. Differences in cycle time equilibrium of terminal operations and connecting roads complicate the construction of analytical equations. Discrete Event Simulation is used to accommodate the difference of operating time cycle, a stochastic condition of arrival, service time, an integration of terminal operation process and ICD location selection. The case study of Koja Container Terminal was used to perform experimental test of the proposed method. The simulation model was constructed for one month of simulation. Level of demand and ICD capacity were factors to be tested in the model to calculate the effects of ICDs operation on the container terminal. Optimum Terminal – ICD configuration was chosen by maximizing the container cost difference of without and with ICDs. Total container cost consists of the container handling cost (discharge, transfer, lift on, lift off, custom check and storage costs) and the container time cost (waiting time and potentially demand unserved). Since the addition amount of ICDs will increase the handling cost and decrease the time cost, so, there are appropriate ICDs numbers for a certain level of demand. Experimental result of Koja container terminal showed that the optimum amount of ICDs will decrease the total container cost charged to the users for the demand level above the terminal capacity. Terminal throughput will increase but the dwell time will not reduce significantly. The optimum configuration for the condition is Terminal – ICD (Yos Sudarso) and ICD (LLRE Martadinata). Optimization based on Discrete Event Simulation can be used to obtain the optimum configuration of ICD terminal system at certain demand level and to measure the ICD effect on terminal performance, ICD and Connecting Road. Operation of the ICD will decrease the container cost but will not provide significant dwell time for terminal improvements.
Port (circuit theory)
Yard
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A container terminal layout is usually based on various requirements for container storage and transfer. One of the most important factors that affect the performance and the output of a containers terminal is the available area of the terminal. Consequently we will discuss the potentials that Durres Port has in facing up the traffic increase in container handling as well as the limitations that exist in the land area that is available for the expansion of the terminal. There are a number of factors to be considered like port congestion, traffic management and safety aspects in the terminal. This paper after analyzing the increment of the containers traffic, gives an overall picture of various operations in Durres port containers terminal.
Port (circuit theory)
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Abstract The purpose of this article is to study the container terminal as a complex technical system. The object of study is a container terminal. The subject of the study is a functional study of the container terminal at the junction of road and rail transport. The research methodology is based on the Markov random processes scheme. An example of a method for determining the number of reach players is given.
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