<title>Compact spaceflight solution crystal-growth system</title>
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Abstract:
By incorporating advanced technology in fiberoptics, diode lasers, and holographic optical elements with knowledge gained from previous Spacelab work, we have produced a design of a versatile, miniaturized, stand alone, crystal solution growth chamber. Diagnostics instrumentation include the following: (1) crystal growth rate monitor, (2) growth/dissolution monitor with feedback, (3) solution diagnostics, (4) multiple wavelength holography, (5) single wavelength or color Schlieren with video recording. Availability of such a chamber will allow for much greater access to microgravity than is provided by presently available crystal growth research cells.Keywords:
Instrumentation
Crystal (programming language)
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Conventional schlieren is a technique commonly used for visualizing the pressure distribution of a sound field parallel to its direction of propagation. Unfortunately, the phase and amplitude variations of the sound in planes transverse to its direction of propagation are integrated out in this visualization technique. However, an optical method has been proposed by Berlinghieri and Cook [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 58, 823 (1975)] to extract these sound field characteristics lost in schlieren visualization. In this paper, a computer-based analysis method is established employing a modification of the Berlinghieri and Cook method. The analysis procedure is applied directly to a conventional schlieren image of a 1-MHz transducer. The amplitude and phase (variations) of the sound field of the transducer for a series of transverse planes are extracted from the schlieren image in order to demonstrate a method of ultrasonic field mapping.
Schlieren imaging
Monochromatic color
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Schlieren method is an important measurement technology for flow visualization.The device should be systematically regulated before the experiment.Selection of the object plane and arrangement of the knife edge are the key aspects for schlieren information.The light deflection in a flame and the schlieren measurement results of the flame were employed for this work.Characteristics of the images from different object planes were studied and compared.The disappearance of shadows of the tested objects can indeed be considered as a sensitive criterion for accurate focus.Movement direction of the knife edge,focus location and insertion degree of the knife edge were discussed based on the principle of schlieren method and relationship between insertion degree of the knife edge and the schlieren images.This paper will be useful for the flow visualization measurement by means of schlieren method.
Schlieren imaging
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Optical methods for testing of fluid flow are usually referred as non-intrusive or non-disturbing. Although modern optics is rapidly developing, new methods are rather sophisticated and cannot be easily adopted, which sometimes lead to enormous sum of money paid for technical equipment. There are various methods on how to study the interaction of light with fluid flow, one of which is the Schlieren method. Schlieren systems are based on the refraction of light rays when travel from one medium to another. The schlieren system used in this paper is called the Positive-Negative Grid schlieren system, a modification of R. Burton's schlieren system (1948). Simple relationships between density, temperature and light are investigated. Based on the relationships, a mathematical model for converting schliere data into temperature distribution can be constructed. This paper focuses on the thermal properties that could be extracted from schlieren images, using the model proposed. Problems with obtaining accurate temperature data from schlieren images are normally due to the noise in the images and heat radiation from fluid flow, which alters the schliere data slightly.
Schlieren imaging
Schlieren photography
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Schlieren photography
Schlieren imaging
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Schlieren imaging
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Schlieren imaging
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Schlieren imaging
Schlieren photography
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In a strut wake visualization experiment,the feasibility of characterizing complex flow fields by a dual-section focusing schlieren technique was verified.The dual-section focusing schlieren technique can get two images in the same run simultaneity.By comparing the schlieren and focusing schlieren images of three-dimensional flow structures,it is showed that the dual-section focusing schlieren system has potentiality in characterizing complex flow fields.In the future work,it should be done to reduce the depth-of-focus and improve the image quality to finely characterize complex flow fields.
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Schlieren imaging
Schlieren photography
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Schlieren imaging
Vitality
Schlieren photography
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A "schliere", in German, is a local inhomogeneity. Schlieren systems, then, are optical systems designed to detect local inhomogeneities. Schlieren occur when hot water mixes with cold water, when shock waves are generated in a gas, when liquid mixtures are separated into components of different refractive index as in ultracentrifugation, and in many other phenomena involving the presence of temperature, pressure, or density gradients. However, there is no reason to restrict the term schlieren to disturbances that deflect light passing through a medium. If light is reflected off an irregular surface, such irregularities may be called 3 schlieren also. Indeed; schlieren systems, be cause they are easy to adjust, have found wide use for the testing of large mirrors.
Schlieren imaging
Schlieren photography
Monochromatic color
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