In vitro activity of loracarbef (LY163892), a new oral carbacephem antimicrobial agent, against respiratory isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis
20
Citation
11
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
The in vitro activity of a new orally administered carbacephem analog of cefaclor, loracarbef (LY163892), was compared with those of cefaclor and several other oral antimicrobial agents against recent clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Loracarbef was found to be slightly more active than cefaclor against H. influenzae and had activity essentially equivalent to that of cefaclor for M. catarrhalis. Resistance to loracarbef was uncommon and was noted only with rare beta-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae. On the basis of these observations, loracarbef may be of utility in the management of localized, non-life-threatening infections caused by H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis.Keywords:
Cefaclor
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Antibodies against nonencapsulated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis were measured by ELISA in paired sera from 158 adult patients with pneumonia. A mixture of 10 clinical isolates of each species was used as antigen. Eleven patients (7%) showed significant increases in antibody to H. influenzae. In 3 of them, the organism was isolated from transtracheal aspirate and in another 7 from sputum, nasopharynx, or both. Six patients with nonencapsulated H. influenzae in transtracheal aspirate cultures did not show any antibody increase. Six patients had significant increases in antibody to M. catarrhalis. The organism was isolated in transtracheal aspirates from 1 of them and in sputum and nasopharynx (or both) from another 3. Two patients with M. catarrhalis in transtracheal aspirate cultures showed no antibody response. In conclusion, the serologic methods increased the possibility to diagnose infections caused by the two agents but had low sensitivity.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Neisseriaceae
Cite
Citations (41)
ObjectivesTo determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis causing community-acquired respiratory tract infections in the UK and Ireland from 1999/2000 to 2006/07.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Respiratory tract
Neisseriaceae
Cite
Citations (43)
The in vitro activity of a new orally administered carbacephem analog of cefaclor, loracarbef (LY163892), was compared with those of cefaclor and several other oral antimicrobial agents against recent clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Loracarbef was found to be slightly more active than cefaclor against H. influenzae and had activity essentially equivalent to that of cefaclor for M. catarrhalis. Resistance to loracarbef was uncommon and was noted only with rare beta-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae. On the basis of these observations, loracarbef may be of utility in the management of localized, non-life-threatening infections caused by H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis.
Cefaclor
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Cite
Citations (20)
Journal Article A membrane-bound precursor β-lactamase in strains of Moraxella catarrhalis and Moraxella nonliquefaciens that produce peripiasmic BRO-1 and BRO-2 β-lactamases Get access Vincent A. Steingrube, Vincent A. Steingrube aThe University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, Department of MicrobiologyP.O. Box 2003, Tyler, TX 75710 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard J. Wallace, Richard J. Wallace aThe University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, Department of MicrobiologyP.O. Box 2003, Tyler, TX 75710 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Danielle Beaulieu Danielle Beaulieu aThe University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, Department of MicrobiologyP.O. Box 2003, Tyler, TX 75710 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 31, Issue 2, February 1993, Pages 237–244, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/31.2.237 Published: 01 February 1993 Article history Received: 23 July 1992 Accepted: 20 October 1992 Published: 01 February 1993
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Neisseriaceae
Cite
Citations (15)
Objective:The study was intended to research the epidemiology of the infection of Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis,and to provide essential information for looking for the methods of preventing and controlling the three pathogens.Methods:600 cases of normal children at the age of 12~18 months from the five surveillance points in Dongguan city were investigated.The nasopharyngeal specimens were cultured and separated on the Blood media and Chocolate media.The pure strains were indentified by biochemical reactions.Results:The detection rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis were 19.2%(115/600),4.2%(25/600) and 17.3%(104/600),respectively.Conclusion:The detection rate of Moraxella catarrhalis is 7.0%(21/300) in the summer,and 27.7%(83/300) in the winter.It is different remarkably in different seasons.The difference of the three pathogens in the different place is not observably.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Carriage
Cite
Citations (3)
According to studies based on bacterial cultures of middle ear fluids, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis have been the most common pathogens in acute otitis media. However, bacterial culture can be affected by reduced viability or suboptimal growth of bacteria. PCR detects bacterial DNA from samples with greater sensitivity than culture. In the present study, we analyzed the middle ear pathogens with both conventional culture and semiquantitative real-time PCR in 90 middle ear fluid samples obtained from children aged 5 to 42 months during acute otitis media episodes. Samples were tested for the presence of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Alloiococcus otitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa One or more bacterial pathogens were detected in 42 (47%) samples with culture and in 69 (77%) samples with PCR. According to PCR analysis, M. catarrhalis results were positive in 42 (47%) samples, H. influenzae in 30 (33%), S. pneumoniae in 27 (30%), A. otitidis in 6 (6.7%), S. aureus in 5 (5.6%), and P. aeruginosa in 1 (1.1%). Multibacterial etiology was seen in 34 (38%) samples, and M. catarrhalis was detected in most (85%) of those cases. Fifteen signals for M. catarrhalis were strong, suggesting a highly probable etiological role of the pathogen. In conclusion, even though M. catarrhalis is often a part of mixed flora in acute otitis media, a considerable proportion of cases may be primarily attributable to this pathogen.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Microbiological culture
Cite
Citations (37)
Two closely related beta-lactamases, BRO-1 and BRO-2 (formerly called Ravasio and 1908), are found in Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. We screened strains of B. catarrhalis recovered in the United States since 1952 and identified the first beta-lactamase-positive isolate in August 1976. The prevalence of the enzymes among 394 clinical isolates from one Texas hospital has averaged 75% since testing began in 1983. Screening of isolates of Moraxella subgenus Moraxella revealed the BRO enzymes in two other human respiratory tract species, M. lacunata and M. nonliquefaciens, beginning in 1978. A different beta-lactamase with a pI of 6.4 predominated in other species of subgenus Moraxella. BRO-2 had a different isoelectric focusing pattern and was produced in lesser amounts than BRO-1, but the two enzymes were indistinguishable by substrate or inhibitor profile. BRO enzymes from B. catarrhalis, M. nonliquefaciens, and M. lacunata could be transferred by conjugation and, for B. catarrhalis, also by transformation to B. catarrhalis. Plasmid bands were demonstrated in 90% of M. nonliquefaciens and in one previously reported strain of B. catarrhalis, but no change in plasmid profiles was seen in beta-lactamase-positive recombinants, supporting previous studies that suggested the beta-lactamase genes are chromosomal.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Neisseriaceae
Cite
Citations (112)
ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of ABT-773 was evaluated against Streptococcus pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , and Moraxella catarrhalis isolates. ABT-773 was the most active antimicrobial tested against S. pneumoniae . ABT-773 and azithromycin were equivalent in activity against H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis and more active than either clarithromycin or erythromycin.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Ketolide
Cite
Citations (48)
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Cite
Citations (4)
ABSTRACT We assessed the impact of the use of nasal swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates and the time from specimen collection to storage at −70°C on bacterial isolation. Haemophilus influenzae was isolated significantly less often from swabs than from nasopharyngeal aspirates. Samples in transit for >3 days were half as likely to grow Streptococcus pneumoniae and H. influenzae as those in transit for ≤3 days. There was no statistically significant difference for either Moraxella catarrhalis or Staphylococcus aureus .
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Isolation
Cite
Citations (8)