Temporal and Small-scale Spatial Variability of Algal Abundance on an Intertidal Rocky Shore
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Variation saisonniere de 6 Algues principales sur une plateforme rocheuse de la Nouvelle-Galles du SudKeywords:
Rocky shore
In this paper, correlations between shoreline change rates and six frequency-sectioned wave energy fluxes were discussed using a 5-year data set of beach profiles and offshore waves observed at the Hasaki coast. Also, an effect of foreshore beach shape on shoreline backward movement speed was discussed. From the results, it is possible to separate shoreline erosion events from shoreline advance events and shoreline stand still events by using frequency-sectioned wave energy fluxes. Furthermore, the results revealed that the shoreline position and foreshore shape affect shoreline backward movement speed. This indicates that for the estimation of the shoreline change rate, we need to consider not only wave energy but also shoreline position and foreshore shape.
Energy flux
Coastal erosion
Wave height
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Variation saisonniere de 6 Algues principales sur une plateforme rocheuse de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud
Rocky shore
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Rocky shore
Intertidal ecology
Biotic component
Marine ecosystem
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Abstract Positive interactions are known to play important roles in ecological divergence but have received less attention than negative interactions in studies on intertidal communities. Here, we show that growth of the mat‐forming green alga Pseudocladophora conchopheria on the shells of a intertidal gastropod ( Lunella coreensis ) provides them with benefits for living in intertidal rocky habitats. We found that P. conchopheria covered a large proportion of the shell surface in all L. coreensis inhabiting an exposed rocky shore habitat, but none or only a small proportion of the shell surface in L. coreensis inhabiting a damp boulder shore habitat. Thermal exposure experiment showed that L. coreensis originating from the boulder shore habitat had a higher mortality rate and temperatures inside the shell than those originating from the exposed rocky shore habitat. These differences disappeared when P. conchopheria was removed from the shell or was dried out, indicating that an increased coverage and dampness of the alga suppressed the increase in temperature inside the shell. These support the hypothesis that the growth of P. conchopheria on L. coreensis shells suppresses thermal stress in the hosts; the benefits of P. conchopheria may enable the hosts to exploit habitats where considerable thermal stress is present during air exposure.
Rocky shore
Tide pool
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An X-band marine radar system has been employed to determine shoreline positions and intertidal foreshore slopes over an area 1.9 km in the longshore direction at the research pier HORS in Hasaki, Japan. The X-band marine radar is an imaging radar that provides instantaneous distributions of wave crests and shorelines along the shore. Time-averaged radar images were analyzed to estimate the horizontal positions of shorelines. Simultaneously, the water surface level was measured at the pier and at the fishery port nearby to determine the elevation of the shoreline. Radar measurements were conducted from high to low tide or vice versa to trace the bottom profile and estimate the foreshore slope in the intertidal range. The horizontal positions of the shoreline were measured within an error of 10 m. The change of shoreline positions and intertidal foreshore slopes after attacks of high waves is depicted to demonstrate the potential of the radar measurements in capturing essential characteristics of coastal morphology.
Tidal range
Intertidal ecology
Rip current
Wave height
Significant wave height
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Rocky shore
Intertidal ecology
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Rocky shore intertidal occurs at the interface of the land and sea, which regularly exposed with tidal waves. In general, rocky shore intertidal is influenced by extreme physical factors, so organisms need to adapt well. Macroalgae on rocky shore intertidal are mostly macroalgae that have epilithic life foam, for example, Sargassum, Turbinaria, Hypnea, Gracilaria, Amphiroa, Chaetomorpha, Ulva, Acanthophora, and Gelidium. The role of macroalgae on rocky shore intertidal are as a primary producer/primary productivity, food for other organisms (fish, mollusc, sea urchin, crab), nursery ground for other organisms (fish, sea urchin, sea cucumber, and crab), and provide shelter for benthic fauna (crabs, sea urchin, molluscs, polychaeta and sea star). The adaptation of macroalgae on rocky shore intertidal was through morphological changes. Gracilaria salicornia on rocky shore intertidal has slimmer thallus than G. salicornia on non-rocky shore intertidal.
Rocky shore
Sargassum
Intertidal ecology
Tide pool
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Rocky shore
Intertidal ecology
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In the rocky shores of Mar del Plata (38˚W 04'S), intertidal mussels monopolize the macrofauna communities developing beds dominated by the small mytilid Brachidontes rodriguezii. This species covers 45% to 65% of the mid and upper mid intertidal substrate forming stratified beds. Vertical protected substrates of the midlittoral show the highest densities of B. rodriguezii up to 175,000 indiv. m -2 representing a dry biomass of 1,670 g. m -2 ; upper horizontal substrates at the same level show lower densities (80,000 indiv. m -2 ; 592 g. m -2 ). The horizontal bed matrix accumulates more sand than vertical beds (19.1 Kg. m -2 , respectively). Twenty-six taxa and 14 animal species were recorded within the B. rodriguezii intertidal matrix while a total of 9 algae species were found living on the mussel bed. The pulmonate limpet Siphonaria lessoni is the main intertidal herbivore. The invasive barnacle species, Balanus glandula, was first detected in Mar del Plata in 1974 and today creates an upper midlittoral fringe at densities up to 5,000 indiv.m -2 . This review of the Mar del Plata rocky shore community summarizes the existing information as we prepare to sample this area with the NAGISA protocols. The uniqueness of the rocky intertidal of Mar del Plata is the absolute dominance of a single mussel species Brachidontes rodriguezii in the midlittoral, the presence of a sole species of Gastropoda, the grazer pulmonate Siphonaria lessoni and the absence, until the mid sixties, of a barnacle belt. ●●●●●
Rocky shore
Limpet
Intertidal ecology
Epibiont
Tide pool
Dominance (genetics)
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The rock burrowing sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus is a common wave-swept organism that inhabits intertidal rock pools and shallow subtidal temperate shores. Here we present field data on P. lividus attachment force, burrow shape and test diameter measured in different rocky habitats (intertidal pools, low shore intertidal channels and shallow subtidal shores) and in two study sites with different wave-exposure conditions. These data were then analyzed to look for a possible relationship between the size of sea urchins and their attachment force and burrow shape as well as the influence of wave-exposure and habitat in the measured variables. P. lividus test diameter varied among habitats: urchins were smaller in mid-shore intertidal pools and bigger in shallow subtidal shores. We observed in all studied habitats that attachment force was not correlated with test size, while burrow shape index (BSI) was negatively correlated with test size. Results suggest that the attachment force of large and small urchins was similar, but smaller animals occurred in relatively deeper burrows (higher BSI values). Attachment force was positively correlated with BSI, which indicates that burrows may enhance attachment force of P. lividus living in rocky shores by allowing the use of spines as anchorage points and reducing the urchin area exposed to drag forces. Our results partially support the hypothesis that attachment force and BSI might be influenced by local variation in wave-exposure. Higher values for both attachment strength and BSI were measured in intertidal rock pools, the most wave-exposed habitat considered in this study, suggesting that urchins living in such habitat are more able to resist dislodgment by wave-induced forces since they occupy relatively deeper burrows and thusattach more firmly to the substrate. However, neither attachment force nor BSI were higher in the more exposed shore.
Paracentrotus lividus
Rocky shore
Burrow
Fetch
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