Correlates of partial tooth loss and edentulism in the Brazilian elderly
Fernando Neves HugoJuliana Balbinot HilgertMaria da Luz Rosário de SousaDébora Dias da SilvaGilberto Alfredo Pucca
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Abstract – Background: In South American older adults the association between tooth loss and demographic, predisposing and enabling factors has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between partial and complete tooth loss and demographic, predisposing, enabling and need factors, and quality of life variables in the Brazilian older adults. Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, 5349 subjects aged 65–74 years were evaluated using conglomerate random sampling. Data collection included dental examinations and questionnaires evaluating demographic, predisposing, enabling and need factors, and quality of life variables. Multinomial logistic regression was carried out to evaluate correlates of tooth loss. The number of teeth was set as the outcome and categorized as: edentulous, subjects with 1–19 teeth, and subjects with 20 or more teeth. Results: Predisposing factors including age, female gender and schooling were independently associated with edentulism. Female gender was associated with partial tooth loss. The only enabling factor associated with edentulism was car ownership. Need factors were associated with edentulism and partial tooth loss. Edentulous subjects perceived the need for dental treatment less frequently. Quality of life factors were associated with partial tooth loss and edentulism. Subjects with 1–19 teeth and edentulous subjects were more likely to rate their chewing ability as not good. Edentulous subjects were more likely to rate their speech ability and their dental appearance as good. Conclusions: The results indicate that tooth loss and edentulism were complex phenomena, with intricate predisposing, demographic, enabling and need factors playing a role.Keywords:
Edentulism
Tooth loss
Cross-sectional study
Removable partial denture
Background: We conducted this study to gather baseline data on tooth loss and preferred prosthesis as there were only few epidemiological studies on tooth loss, especially in young adults (18–26 years).Aim: The aim of the study is to analyze the prevalence of tooth loss and their preferred prosthesis among young adults (18-26years) who arrived to the private dental institutions for treatment or to accompany them. A total of 634 young adults (18-26 years) were included Materials and methodology: in the study, individual questionnaire were given for assess the oral health followed by examination of edentulism. Out of total samples 28.7% had Results: tooth loss, 71.3% don't. The causes of tooth loss are 67.9% tooth decay, 13.6% trauma, 10% congenital missing, and 8.6% mobility. The population with treatment needs 30.5%, 12.8% underwent treatment for tooth loss and 56.8% are not in need of treatment/not willing for treatment. The population preferred xed prosthesis is 49.8%, 10.2% removable prosthesis, 40% implant. The need for prosthetic Conclusion: care among young individuals and the associated risk factors for tooth loss are highlighted in this study. The purpose of this study was to inform participants about the effects of tooth loss, the signicance of replacing missing teeth, and the many treatment choices that are accessible to them
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Abstract – Background: In South American older adults the association between tooth loss and demographic, predisposing and enabling factors has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between partial and complete tooth loss and demographic, predisposing, enabling and need factors, and quality of life variables in the Brazilian older adults. Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, 5349 subjects aged 65–74 years were evaluated using conglomerate random sampling. Data collection included dental examinations and questionnaires evaluating demographic, predisposing, enabling and need factors, and quality of life variables. Multinomial logistic regression was carried out to evaluate correlates of tooth loss. The number of teeth was set as the outcome and categorized as: edentulous, subjects with 1–19 teeth, and subjects with 20 or more teeth. Results: Predisposing factors including age, female gender and schooling were independently associated with edentulism. Female gender was associated with partial tooth loss. The only enabling factor associated with edentulism was car ownership. Need factors were associated with edentulism and partial tooth loss. Edentulous subjects perceived the need for dental treatment less frequently. Quality of life factors were associated with partial tooth loss and edentulism. Subjects with 1–19 teeth and edentulous subjects were more likely to rate their chewing ability as not good. Edentulous subjects were more likely to rate their speech ability and their dental appearance as good. Conclusions: The results indicate that tooth loss and edentulism were complex phenomena, with intricate predisposing, demographic, enabling and need factors playing a role.
Edentulism
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Cross-sectional study
Removable partial denture
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Tooth loss appears to have an important role in the loss of mastication and esthetics. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the prevalence of tooth loss and edentulism in the Iranian population.Studies reviewed in this article were primarily identified via search of the online bibliographic databases including PubMed and Iranian Biomedical Journals, by using "tooth loss", "edentulism", "epidemiology", and "Iran" as keywords. Studies potentially related to this topic were retrieved and the selection criteria applied. From the chosen studies the eligible articles were reviewed.Of the studies identified after conducting the search, 10 eligible studies were extracted. The prevalence of tooth loss ranges between 0.3% in 3 to 5-year-old children to 70.7% in adults over 65. There is a lack of well-designed epidemiological studies on edentulism and tooth loss in Iran. The prevalence of tooth loss is high and it increases by aging.It seems that the prevalence of tooth loss is high among adults in Iran. It is highly suggested that population-based studies should be established to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of tooth loss in Iran. The results of such studies will be useful in the adoption of appropriate preventive strategies.
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Abstract Objective: The purpose of this review was to study the prevalence and incidence of edentulism and tooth loss in European countries. Material and method: A literature search was performed by means of Medline/PubMed using various combinations of keywords concerning prevalence and incidence of tooth loss and edentulism, complemented by a hand search. Inclusion criteria were cross‐sectional and longitudinal clinical and questionnaire studies of representative or random samples of ≥100 subjects at the initial examination. Sixty articles were identified; the hand search gave 13 more references. Results: This literature review demonstrated that there is a lack of epidemiological studies on edentulism and tooth loss in many countries in Europe. The quality of available data varied considerably. There is a documented decline of edentulism with still great differences in prevalence between countries, between geographical regions within countries and between groups with various backgrounds. The mean number of lost teeth increases with age. In several countries many dentate subjects aged 60 years and over still have reduced dentitions possibly needing prosthodontic treatment. The incidence of tooth loss is low but with geographical variation between age groups, and there is a trend for decreasing incidence over the last decades. A great number of variables are associated with tooth loss, and there is no consensus whether dental disease related or socio‐behavioural factors are the most important risk factors. Institutionalised elderly people have, in general, more compromised oral health, including fewer teeth, than those at the same age living freely. Conclusion: Tooth loss and edentulism are declining at least in those European countries where reliable data are available. However, the WHO goal of retaining at least 20 teeth at the age of 80 years has not yet been met but is being approached in some countries.
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Edentulism, Severe Tooth Loss and Lack of Functional Dentition in Elders: A Study in Southern Brazil
Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate self-reported prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition in elders, and to identify potential associated factors. A population based cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,451 elders (≥60 years), in Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regressions. The prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition was 39.3%, 60.9% and 82.7%, respectively. The factors positively associated with tooth loss in the three-degree severity were sex (females), older individuals, low familial income, low level of schooling and having the last dental visit longer than 24 months ago. The high prevalence of tooth loss in its different degrees of severity and the association with preventable factors highlight the need of programs focused on elders, emphasizing the prevention of tooth loss and need for prosthetic rehabilitation.
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Summary This study conducted a systematic review to assess the bi‐directional association between tooth loss/edentulism and obesity. Electronic searches were performed in four different databases. Observational studies that tested associations between tooth loss/edentulism and obesity as either exposures or outcomes were included. Additionally, meta‐analyses, funnel plots and sensitivity analyses were conducted to synthesize the evidence. A total of 549 articles were identified in the electronic database search. Out of which, 16 studies were included within the meta‐analyses: 75% considered tooth loss/edentulism as exposure and obesity as outcome, whereas 25% alternatively considered obesity as exposure and tooth loss/edentulism as outcome. Pooled estimates showed that obese individuals had 1.49 (95%CI 1.20–1.86) and 1.25 (95%CI 1.10–1.42) times higher odds of having any tooth loss and edentulism, respectively. Alternatively, when tooth loss or edentulism were considered as exposures, individuals with any tooth loss had 1.41 (95%CI 1.11–1.79) times higher odds for obesity, while edentates had even higher odds (OR 1.60; 95%CI 1.29–2.00). The results indicate a bi‐directional association between tooth loss and obesity. Considering that all selected studies were of cross‐sectional study design limiting inferences on temporality, longitudinal prospective studies are required to test the causal relationship between tooth loss/edentulism and obesity or vice a versa. © 2016 World Obesity
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Edentulism is a condition which is associated with tooth loss. It can be partial or complete edentulism and is the most common oral health issue. It affects subjects of every age group. Multiple factors are believed for causing tooth loss including from poor oral hygiene to systemic diseases. Aim of this study is to highlight the causative factors which are believed to be associated with increased number of tooth loss. Hence, by identifying these factors, preventive techniques could be opted in time in order to prolong the tooth life. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Fatimah Memorial Medical and Dental College, LHR. Period: August 20118 to December 2018 Material & Methods: 100 students which were recruited. By trained dentist after following standard protocols. After approval from ethical committee all the demographic data and relevant information was entered into predesigned proforma. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 21.0. Result: Study showed significant results showing that smoker diabetic subjects have more number of tooth loss. Conclusion: Smoking and diabetes are strong contributory factors for increased number of tooth loss.
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Abstract Many factors contribute to human tooth loss, including oral hygiene practices, trauma, smoking, health status, socio‐economic status and individual preferences. Loss of teeth impairs quality‐of‐life measures, including the eating of most foods that require full masticatory function. A recent study of centenarians found that at age 65–74 years, those who lived to be 100 had a lower rate of edentulism than did younger members of their birth cohort at ages 65–74 years. Oral health was consistent with compression of morbidity toward the end of life. This article explores the hypothesis that factors associated with oral disease and noncommunicable diseases may increase the risk of tooth loss and lead to diminished longevity as a result of multifactorial interactions. It specifically addresses two critical questions. The first is: ‘Can we conclude that the number of teeth in aging humans can affect longevity and life expectancy?’ The answer is yes. The second is: ‘Is tooth loss a predictor of shortened longevity?’ Again, the answer is yes. Edentulism and partial edentulism are discussed as a disability, and how the philosophy/belief systems of dental providers and patients toward retaining teeth influences the outcome of tooth loss is also examined. Osteoporosis and cognitive impairment provide examples of modifying risk factors.
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Loss of all natural permanent teeth (edentulism) substantially reduces quality of life, self-image, and daily functioning. Although loss of teeth results from oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis, it also reflects patient and dentist attitudes, availability and accessibility of dental care, and the prevailing standard of care. One of the national health objectives for 2000 is to reduce to no more than 20% the proportion of persons aged > or =65 years who have lost all their natural teeth (objective 13.4). Edentulism has been declining in the United States since the 1950s, but few state-specific data are available on adult tooth loss. To estimate the prevalence of edentulism among persons aged > or =65 years, CDC analyzed data from the 46 states that participated in the oral health module of the 1995-1997 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This report summarizes the findings from this analysis, which indicate a large state-specific variation in edentulism and that many states have not yet achieved the national health objective for preventing total tooth loss.
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