Partitioning of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in serum and milk from the same mothers
72
Citation
33
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Congener
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether
Tetrabromobisphenol A
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Congener
Cite
Citations (30)
Retention times of 34 (Br2-Br7) polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners on 30 m 5%-diphenyl-95%-dimethylsiloxane type columns were compared to 131 commonly observed PCB congeners and 26 organochlorine pesticides (OCs). Results from this study indicated that there is a potential for co-elution of 10 PBDE congeners, OCs and PCBs. Of particular concern is the inference of 2,2′,4,4′, tetrabromo diphenyl ether (BDE-47), a predominant PBDE congener, with biologically significant PCB congener, CB-180. Such interference was recently observed in mountain white fish (Prosopium williamsoni) samples collected from Wapiti River in Alberta, Canada, as is illustrated here.
Congener
Diphenyl ether
Electron capture detector
Cite
Citations (1)
Congener
Diphenyl ether
Decabromodiphenyl ether
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Sediment core
Cite
Citations (52)
The congener profiles of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in human and wildlife samples are dominated by brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) congeners 47, 99, 100, 153, and 154, all of which are components of the commercial pentaBDE mixtures commonly used in a variety of flammable consumer products. Very little information is available on the toxicokinetics of these congeners and no studies are available directly comparing these BDE congeners in mice. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the distribution, metabolism, and excretion of BDEs 47, 99, 100 and 153. Female C57BL/6 mice were administered a single dose of BDE (1 mg/kg: 2.1, 1.9, 1.9, and 1.8 mumol/kg, respectively) intravenously. Excretion was monitored daily, and terminal tissue disposition was examined 5 days following exposure. All BDE congeners in this study distribute with similar patterns into lipophilic tissues; however, tissue concentrations 5 days following exposure were much higher for BDE-153 than for 100, 99, and 47, respectively. Excretion rates were inversely related to tissue concentrations as BDE-47 was the most rapidly excreted congener, followed by BDE-99, -100, and -153. Differences in tissue concentrations were largely driven by congener-specific urinary elimination rates which were associated with protein binding in the urine. While the overall rate of metabolism appeared to be low, analysis of metabolites in daily feces samples revealed that BDE-99 was the most rapidly metabolized congener in this study. The results of this study demonstrate that congener substitution plays a role in the distribution, metabolism, and excretion of PBDEs in mice and it is therefore important to consider the differential toxicokinetic parameters associated with each congener when assessing the risk to human health from these PBDE congeners.
Congener
Diphenyl ether
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Brominated flame retardant
Cite
Citations (129)
Biomagnification
Congener
Diphenyl ether
Polychlorinated biphenyl
Bioconcentration
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Toxic equivalency factor
Biotransformation
Cite
Citations (87)
Congener
Diphenyl ether
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Decabromodiphenyl ether
Brominated flame retardant
Cite
Citations (30)
Abstract Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants have become distributed ubiquitously in the environment. High concentrations have been reported in U.S. sewage sludge (biosolids). The burgeoning practice of land‐applying biosolids as fertilizer creates an avenue for reintroduction of PBDEs to surface waters and aquatic sediments. Bioavailability of biosolids‐ and sediment‐associated PBDEs was assessed using the freshwater oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus . Oligochaetes were exposed to composted biosolids (1,600 ng/g total PBDEs) and artificial sediment spiked with penta‐ and deca‐brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) formulations (1,300 ng/g total PBDEs). Uptake (28‐d exposure) and depuration (21 d) of eight congeners were studied. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in both substrates were bioavailable, but bioaccumulation was 5 to 10 times greater from spiked artificial sediment. The congeners BDE 47 and BDE 99 were the most prevalent congeners in oligochaetes after exposure. Congener BDE 47 was more bioaccumulative, possibly due to the threefold greater depuration rate of BDE 99. Bioaccumulation of penta‐ and hexa‐brominated congeners appeared to be affected more strongly by substitution pattern than degree of bromination. Uptake of BDE 209, the dominant congener in deca‐BDE, was minimal. Accumulation of certain PBDE congeners from biosolids and sediments by benthos provides a pathway for transfer to higher trophic levels, and congener discrimination may increase with each trophic transfer.
Congener
Biosolids
Diphenyl ether
Decabromodiphenyl ether
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Cite
Citations (73)
Congener
Diphenyl ether
Cite
Citations (72)
Congener
Bioconcentration
Diphenyl ether
Lipophilicity
Biomagnification
Cite
Citations (32)
Diphenyl ether
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Congener
Cite
Citations (36)