Recrystallization of Poly(l -lactic acid) into Submicrometer Particles in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
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The ASES (aerosol solvent extraction system) process, which is one of the SAS (supercritical antisolvent) processes, was selected to recrystallize PLLA into submicrometer particles. In the ASES process, there are two key factors. One is atomization for fine droplets, and the other is mass transfer of droplets during precipitation in the vessel, which causes nucleation and growth of particles. They are affected by several elements such as temperature, pressure, density, concentration, injection rate of solution, and feed rate of CO2. In this work, we studied the effect of CO2 density, solution injection rate, and CO2 feed rate on atomization and mass transfer. In addition, to investigate the influence of the solvent on particle production, DCM (dichloromethane), THF (tetrahydrofuran), and 1,4-dioxane were used as solvents for PLLA. In the variation of CO2 densities, there was not a consistent tendency. From variation of solution injection rate and feed rate of CO2 we found out that the relative velocity difference between CO2 and the PLLA/DCM solution was an important factor for fine PLLA particles. The particles increased in size with relatively high temperature and pressure for fixed CO2 density. Particles in which DCM was used as the solvent for PLLA were finer than the others.Keywords:
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Recrystallization (geology)
Molecular dynamic simulation was employed to calculate self-diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide from 10.34 to 482.63 bar at 323 K,and the result showed that self-diffusion coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide was decreased with pressure increasing,and the average deviation between simulation value and experimental value was less than 4.4%.
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubility of DDT and 2,4-D in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Saturated with WaterStuart J. Macnaughton and Neil R. FosterCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 11, 2757–2763Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00035a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00035a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
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Copolymeric products from 2-methylaziridine and carbon dioxide showed sharp and rapid phase transitions in response to both temperature and pH; the responsive property can be controlled by varying the reaction conditions whilst maintaining the supercritical state.
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A correlation for the parameter α of PR EOS for supercritical carbon dioxide was determined from experimental PVT data. The calculations for solubility of several solids in supercritical carbon dioxide were done. The total average relative deviation calculated with the modification is less than that with the original PR EOS.
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By use of a flow-type apparatus, vapor-phase compositions in supercritical carbon dioxide at 323.15 K have been measured for 1-nonanol, 1-undecanol, 1-tridecanol, and 1-pentadecanol over the pressure range from 80 to 250 bar. The measured mole fractions of solute in supercritical carbon dioxide are correlated with the reduced density and reduced pressure of the pure solvent.
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Synthesis of supercritical carbon dioxide,a clean,green technology has been studied by many researchers.In this paper,the characteristic of supercritical carbon dioxide,the most advanced research including our experimental result, etc.are reviewed,and especially application of the supercritical carbon dioxide in the extraction,polymerization,oxidation reaction are presented.
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Supercritical fluid extraction
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Recent significant research and development on the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as reaction medium to aid in the greening of various classes of organic reactions, especially, on the use of gaseous reactants (H_2, CO, O_2) in supercritical carbon dioxide will be discussed. Namely, hydrogenation, carbonylation, oxidation, under supercritical carbon dioxide conditions will be described in details.
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The solubilities of flavone and 3-hydroxyflavone in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) were measured at 308.2 K and 318.2 K over the pressure range from 9.1 MPa to 25.3 MPa by a flow type apparatus, which can detect the concentrations of the solutes in a supercritical fluid. The solubilities were determined from the mass of solute trapped by decompressing and the volume of CO2. Solubility data were correlated by a solution model based on the regular solution model.
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