On the use of linear models in the estimation of the size of a population using capture–recapture data
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Mark and recapture
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We used the capture-recapture method to estimate the population size of injecting drug users (IDU). We collected and analyzed registry data from the Drug Use Rehabilitation Center in Leshan Downtown District, designed the interval between capture phase and recapture phase, explored the data model of the capture-recapture method (CR), and estimated the size of a local IDU population. The estimated size was 3455. Establishment of a consistent data model played a key role in estimating the IDU population size using CR. CR is an easy-to-use and inexpensive technique for IDU population size estimation, which generates reliable results.
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Estimating population size is essential for many applications in population ecology, so capture–recapture techniques to do this are often taught in secondary school classrooms and introductory university units. However, few classroom simulations of capture–recapture consider the sensitivity of results to sampling intensity, the important concept that the population size calculated is an estimate with error attached, or the consequences of violating assumptions underpinning particular capture–recapture models. We describe a simple approach to teaching the Lincoln index method of capture–recapture using packs of playing cards. Students can trial different sampling intensities, calculate 95% confidence intervals for population estimates, and explore the consequences of violating specific assumptions.
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Summary Estimates for the size of a closed population are given for multiple recapture studies in continuous time. The estimates are derived by a method of moments for martingales. An estimate and associated standard error of the population size are derived for a homogeneous population when the capture rates are permitted to depend on time in an unspecified manner. Corresponding results are obtained when the capture rates vary among individuals as well. Explicit expressions are given for these estimates and standard errors which involve only simple computation.
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Abstract Several methods exist to estimate the census population size such as capture‐recapture (CR) methods, which require the direct or indirect capture and recapture of numerous animals across a large area. These methods are difficult to apply to small and medium‐sized carnivorous mammals because of their elusive nature, and also do not work if the sampling method is lethal at first physical capture, a problem relevant when analyzing data from exploited populations. We present a method that uses dead recoveries from hunting bags and other sources of mortality to estimate population size. Each individual is physically trapped once at the end of its capture history (dead recovery), and is considered recaptured on previous trapping occasions if it is genetically identified as the parent of one or several young. We used this parentage information to build capture histories of aged and sexed individuals, and then applied classic CR models for closed populations. We applied this method to the stone marten ( Martes foina ), an elusive medium‐sized carnivorous mammal in the Bresse Region of France (911 km 2 ) and for which reliably estimating population size remains challenging but important for efficient management. To estimate the robustness of our approach, we also simulated population pedigrees with known population size and determined its accuracy, precision, and sensitivity to the true population size and sampling intensity. Stone marten population size was estimated at = 1,748 ± 341 (SD) individuals leading to a population density of = 1.92 ± 0.37 individuals/km 2 , which is within the range of the few previous density estimations of the species in rural or urban areas. Our method was not affected by population size, and reached the required levels of accuracy and precision to be effective in wildlife management for a given range of sampling intensity. It therefore demonstrated its widespread use in improving estimates of population size from age‐ and sex‐structured pedigree data coming from multi‐year dead recoveries.
Mark and recapture
Effective population size
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Small population size
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A new estimating procedure is suggested to estimate the population size in a capture-recapture experiment. The capture intensities for first-capture and recapture are allowed to be different and time dependent but they are assumed to be proportional. It is shown that the information on the proportionality constant is crucial to the estimation of the population size. Sensitivity analysis with a misspecification of the proportionality constant is conducted. The method has also been extended to the case with an unknown proportionality. A real example is given.
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We study how to select or combine estimators of the average treatment effect (ATE) and the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) in the presence of multiple sets of covariates. We consider two cases: (1) all sets of covariates satisfy the unconfoundedness assumption and (2) some sets of covariates violate the unconfoundedness assumption locally. For both cases, we propose a data-driven covariate selection criterion (CSC) to minimize the asymptotic mean squared errors (AMSEs). Based on our CSC, we propose new average estimators of ATE and ATT, which include the selected estimators based on a single set of covariates as a special case. We derive the asymptotic distributions of our new estimators and propose how to construct valid confidence intervals. Our Monte Carlo simulations show that in finite samples, our new average estimators achieve substantial efficiency gains over the estimators based on a single set of covariates. We apply our new estimators to study the impact of inherited control on firm performance.
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Abstract A capture–recapture estimation method for closed wildlife population has been adapted by epidemiologists to estimate the size of a hidden or hard-to-reach population. The heterogeneity of capture probabilities on the estimation of population size using capture–recapture data is considered in this article. A generalized estimating equation approach to the problem of estimating capturing probabilities is presented by considering the heterogeneity of the study population. Resulting probabilities then serve as denominators for calculating the size of the population. Acknowledgement The author would like to thank the referees whose suggestions led to a greatly improved paper. This article only represents the opinion of the author and does not present any official views of an organization.
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Gee
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Capture-recapture method is an economical and straightforward method widely used in fields such as estimating population size and estimating and adjusting incidence or prevalence. This paper reviews the classical capture-recapture method and its improvement and application in population size estimation in referring the subsequent related work.捕获再捕获法作为一种经济、简便的方法,在估计人群规模、估计及校正发病率或患病率等研究中广泛应用。本文对经典捕获再捕获法以及方法的改进、在人群规模估计中的应用等方面进行综述,为后续开展相关工作提供参考。.
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