Relationship between anxiety and chronic orofacial pain of temporomandibular disorder in a group of university students
Douglas Roberto MonteiroPaulo Renato Junqueira ZuimAldiéris Alves PesqueiraPaula do Prado RibeiroAlício Rosalino Garcia
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Keywords:
Orofacial Pain
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Temporomandibular disorder
Trait anxiety
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
[Purpose] Temporomandibular disorder is a condition with a multifactor etiology that involves the temporomandibular joint, bones, surrounding muscles and facial pain is the most common symptom. This study evaluated the possible association between headache and temporomandibular disorder in university professors. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-seven professors were recruited and answered the Axis II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders for the evaluation and diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder and filled out a “Headache Diary” proposed by the American Headache Society. [Results] The university professors showed headache and temporomandibular disorder, but no association was found between the two conditions. Comparing the gender, the males were most frequently affected, but females had more intensity of signs and symptoms. There is a lack of data on the population addressed in the present study. [Conclusion] Indeed, this was the first such study developed with university professors. It is of considerable importance to develop further studies to investigate the possible association between headache and temporomandibular disorder.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate accurate differentiating between temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder and trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in the sample of patients from subspecialist dental practice. The study included 32 patients (group G-1) with TMJ disorder who were previously neurologically examined due to unconfirmed suspicions of a neurological origin of orofacial pain, 12 female patients (group G-2) with determined co-morbidity of TMJ disorder and TN, and 13 patients (group G-3) with only TN confirmed and the TMJ disorder ruled out. Clinical characteristics, pain intensity (in groups 1 and 2 to TMJs at mouth opening, in groups 2 and 3 pain related to TN) rated on a visual- analogue scale (VAS with range 0-10) and maximal mouth opening capacity (in mm) measured by gauge of all three groups were compared. The level of anxiety was evaluated by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Data were analyzed by t-test, chi-squared test, and correlation analysis. TMJ pain on the VAS scale for G-1 patients was 6.96 and for G-2 patients 6.91 (p=0.9325). TN related pain symptoms on the VAS scale were for G-2 patients 9.0 and for G-3 patients 7.98 (p=0.2921). However, there was a statistically significant difference in the intensity of TMJ and TN related pain (p<0.001). Burning sensation in the mouth (p<0.0007) as well as toothache (p<0.002) were dominant symptoms in patients with TN (G-2 and G-3 patients). Maximal mouth opening was statistically significant (p=0.002) between G-1/G-2 groups and G-3 patients: 39.34/39.77 and 49.50 mm. A positive correlation (p<0.05) existed between STAI 1 and STAI 2 scores independently within each group of patients. Correct diagnosis is the key to managing facial pain of non-dental origin, which includes participation of several experts from the fields of dentistry, neurology and radiology.
Orofacial Pain
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Toothache
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Burning mouth syndrome
Temporomandibular disorder
TMJ disorders
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Orofacial Pain
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Temporomandibular disorder
Trait anxiety
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
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Research Diagnostic Criteria
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Temporomandibular disorder
Etiology
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Orofacial Pain
Temporomandibular disorder
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Trigeminal Nerve
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Background: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a group of abnormalities in the temporomandibular joint area. Temporomandibular disorder is a multifactorial condition since multiple physiological and pathological conditions are cited as etiological factors. The clinical features include pain, clicking, deviation, limitation in joint movement, and may be associated with headache, neck ache, and disturbance in quality of life. The type of treatment depends on the cause and the severity of each case. Epidemiological studies and screening of the prevalence and clinical manifestations of temporomandibular disorder in the community could improve the preventive measures and the outcomes of treatment.
Aim: To evaluate the distribution of Temporomandibular disorder among undergraduate dental students.
Method: This study was a cross sectional study conducted from March until June 2020. Questionnaires were sent to undergraduate students via email. The responses to questions were given numerical values to estimate the severity of Temporomandibular disorder. The presence and severity of TMD was determined based on self-reported responses.
Results: Two-thirds of respondents showed Temporomandibular disorder with different severities. The Temporomandibular disorder severity among respondents was as following: (28.2% no Temporomandibular disorder, 41.6% mild Temporomandibular disorder, 24.1% moderate Temporomandibular disorder, 6.2% sever Temporomandibular disorder). Age and the study grade were significantly associated with TMD severity.
Conclusion: Despite the limitation of this study, a considerable number of students expressed signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular disorder although they are unaware of this condition.
Temporomandibular disorder
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Research Diagnostic Criteria
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Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are characterized by dysfunction of joint and/or pain in the jaw area and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The standardized Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) are used to assess the physical and psychological characteristics of TMD persons. The aim of the study is to evaluate to what extent orofacial pain and jaw disorders are predictors of jaw function limitations.
Methods and materials: The sample consisted of 174 subjects aged 10-69 years (median 23, intercvartril range 22-32, 66% of women) who are ambulatory patients for orofacial pain in Rijeka and Medulin and students of the University of Rijeka. The screening of the orofacial pain in patients with jaw joint disorder was made with the help of the TMD – pain screening instrument. Clinical examination was done according to the DC/TMD protocol. To evaluate the function of the jaw, the Jaw function limitation scale was used.
Results: Women were more likely to have orofacial pain than men (41 vs. 22%, p = 0.018), but no jaw joint disorder or function limitation. Major limitations on chewing and mandibular mobility are those with headache, muscular pain and adulthood. Communication limitations are somewhat increased even in patients with arthralgia and shift disks.
Conclusion: Orofacial pain is the most important determinant of jaw function limitation than joint disorders. Headache associated with TMD and muscular pain are the most important determinants of jaw function limitations. Cheating is the most, and communication is least restricted by orofacial pain and dysfunction of the jaw joint.
Orofacial Pain
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Pain disorder
Joint pain
TMJ disorders
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Temporomandibular disorder is an umbrella term for various clinical problems affecting the muscles of mastication, temporomandibular joint and associated structures. This disorder has a multifactor etiology, with oral parafunctional habits considered an important co-factor. Among such habits, sleep bruxism is considered a causal agent involved in the initiation and/or perpetuation of temporomandibular disorder. That condition can result in pain otologic symptoms.The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between temporomandibular disorder and both otologic symptoms and bruxism.A total of 776 individuals aged 15 years or older from urban areas in the city of Recife (Brazil) registered at Family Health Units were examined. The diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder was determined using Axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for temporomandibular disorders, addressing questions concerning myofascial pain and joint problems (disk displacement, arthralgia, osteoarthritis and osteoarthrosis). Four examiners had previously undergone training and calibration exercises for the administration of the instrument. Intra-examiner and inter-examiner agreement was determined using the Kappa statistic. Individuals with a diagnosis of at least one of these conditions were classified as having temporomandibular disorder. The diagnosis of otologic symptoms and bruxism was defined using the same instrument and a clinical exam.Among the individuals with temporomandibular disorder, 58.2% had at least one otologic symptom and 52% exhibited bruxism. Statistically significant associations were found between the disorder and both otologic symptoms and bruxism (p<0.01 for both conditions; OR=2.12 and 2.3 respectively). Otologic symptoms and bruxism maintained statistical significance in the binary logistic regression analysis, which demonstrated a 1.7 fold and twofold greater chance of such individuals have temporomandibular disorder, respectively.The logistic regression analysis demonstrated strong associations between the disorder and both otologic symptoms and bruxism when analyzed simultaneously, independently of patient age and gender.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Temporomandibular disorder
Sleep Bruxism
Etiology
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Orofacial Pain
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Temporomandibular disorder
Facial pain
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To evaluate the relationships between gender, diagnosis, and severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with self-reports of the impact of TMD on the quality of life.Eighty-three individuals seeking TMD treatment at the Dental School of Pontifical Catholic University Minas from May to August 2005 were evaluated by a single examiner who was trained and calibrated for diagnosis according to criteria of Axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). The severity of TMD was established by the Temporomandibular Index and the impact on quality of life by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP 14). Complete data were available for 78 of the 83 initial patients and evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation analysis.Except for one patient, all individuals showed some impact related to physical pain. Of the seven aspects evaluated on the OHIP 14, women presented a greater impact than men only for functional limitations (Mann-Whitney, P < .05). Patients presenting with diagnoses of muscular disorders (group I) or osteoarthritis (group III) reported a greater impact than those without (P < .05). The Spearman test demonstrated a significant correlation between impact on quality of life and severity of TMD (P < .05).Orofacial pain had a great impact on the quality of life of individuals with TMD, without group difference between genders. The presence of muscular disorders (group I) and osteoarthritis (group III) was related to greater impact on quality of life, which was not observed for diagnoses of disc displacement (group II). A correlation between severity of TMD and impact on quality of life was clearly observed.
Orofacial Pain
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Temporomandibular disorder
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