Interactions Between Macrophages of Guinea Pigs and Salmonellae II. Phagocytosis of Salmonella typhimurium by Macrophages of Normal Guinea Pigs
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Peritoneal macrophages from normal guinea pigs were allowed to phagocytize Salmonella typhimurium in vitro. The extent of phagocytosis was determined by quantitative viable counts of the bacteria released after lysis of the phagocytes with sodium deoxycholate. It was shown that the avirulent strain RIA of salmonellae was more susceptible to ingestion by macrophages than the virulent strain SR-11. The presence of immune serum in the phagocytic mixture greatly enhanced the extent with which strain SR-11 was phagocytized. Also, the virulent bacteria recovered from infected mice exhibited a greater resistance to phagocytosis than those maintained in artificial media.Keywords:
Caviidae
Strain (injury)
Cardioprotection
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Abstract Macrophages infected in vitro with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) manifest depressed phagocytic uptake of a variety of particles within hours after the initiation of infection. Analysis of kinetics of uptake of radiolabeled Staphylococcus aureus by MCMV-infected macrophages indicates that the diminished uptake results from a depression in the calculated maximum velocity of uptake (Vmax) with the apparent Michaelis constant (KM) remaining unaltered. This pattern of altered uptake is typical of that seen after manipulations that affect the surface interactions of macrophages with ingestible particles. Coincubation of macrophages and radiolabeled Staphylococcus with opsonizing antibody resulted in normalization of the phagocytic rates. The surface localization of the defective phagocytosis was further confirmed by light and scanning electron microscopy of the macrophages incubated with Staphylococcus or latex spherules. These data indicate that defective macrophage phagocytosis induced by MCMV infection results from an aberration in the macrophage surface that interferes with the initial macrophage-particle interactions that initiate nonimmune phagocytosis.
Cytomegalovirus
Antibody opsonization
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In this study, we determine its macrophage phagocytosis in different growth stage of Avian broiler after absorbed water soluble alfalfa polysaccharides (WSAP) by three kinds of method. The result showed: effect of WSAP on the macrophage phagocytosis in broilers isn't obvious, but individual group's effect is obvious.
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Two guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) were affected by an acute naturally developing lethal pneumonitis. One guinea pig was found dead and had not had clinical signs of disease, whereas the second guinea pig was dyspneic and tachypneic. Necropsy revealed well-demarcated areas of pulmonary consolidation in the cranial and ventral areas of the lungs. Necrotic bronchiolar epithelium accompanied by basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies was the primary histopathologic finding. Transmission electron microscopy revealed virions with ultrastructural characteristics of an adenovirus. Adenoviral infections in guinea pigs are likely to be more prevalent than are currently recognized. Adenoviruses may cause inapparent infections in guinea pigs that could potentially interfere with laboratory studies.
Cavia
Caviidae
Basophilic
Pneumonitis
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Peritoneal macrophages from normal guinea pigs were allowed to phagocytize Salmonella typhimurium in vitro. The extent of phagocytosis was determined by quantitative viable counts of the bacteria released after lysis of the phagocytes with sodium deoxycholate. It was shown that the avirulent strain RIA of salmonellae was more susceptible to ingestion by macrophages than the virulent strain SR-11. The presence of immune serum in the phagocytic mixture greatly enhanced the extent with which strain SR-11 was phagocytized. Also, the virulent bacteria recovered from infected mice exhibited a greater resistance to phagocytosis than those maintained in artificial media.
Caviidae
Strain (injury)
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Inert
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Methylcholanthrene
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Objective To explore the influence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) biofilm and alginate on macrophage phagocytosis function in mouse.Methods The bacterial biofilm suspension of PA was used to infect macrophage-depleted mouse and control mouse to explore the influence of biofilm on macrophage.The macrophage was isolated from mouse and added with alginate inside,then the phagocytosis rate was determined.The capability of macrophage's phagocytosis was detected by neutral red method.Results The bacterial count in macrophage-depleted mouse compared to the control group was(4.16±3.36)×105 /ml to(5.15±1.92)×105 /ml,t=0.7211,P=0.483.The phagocytosis rate in PA biofilm group compared to the control group was(13.82±4.71)% to(42.73±11.00)%,Q=12.3231,P0.01.This suggested that the PA biofilm group can be more resistant to macrophage phagocytosis compared to the control group.The phagocytosis rate in alginate group compared to the control group was(22.91±6.20)% to(42.73±11.00)%,Q=8.4465,P0.05.This showed that the alginate group can also be more resistant to macrophage phagocytosis compared to the control group.When the concentration of alginate were 0,25,50,75,100,125 and 150 μg/ml the absorbance A(540 nm)which represents the capability of macrophage phagocytosing neutral red,were(0.271±0.044),(0.456±0.062),(0.445±0.061),(0.551±0.065),(0.210±0.053),(0.186±0.026)and(0.195±0.025)respectively.When the alginate's concentration ≤75 μg/ml,the capability of macrophage phagocytosing neutral red strengthened(P0.05),compared to the 0 μg/ml group;When the alginate's concentration 75 μg/ml,the capability of macrophage phagocytosing neutral red decreased(P0.05),compared to the 0 μg/ml group.Conclusion Macrophage can prevent the invasion of PA.PA biofilm can inhibit macrophage phagocytosis.Alginate can promote macrophage phagocytosis at doses of ≤75 μg/ml while larger doses of alginate inhibit macrophage phagocytosis.
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Diffusion of ascorbic acid takes place through intestinal lipoid membrane of guinea-pigs. In consequence, plasma and leucocyte concentrations of ascorbic acid increase. Intestinal absorpiton of ascorbic acid in scorbutic guinea-pigs is impaired in contrast to that in normal and saturated guinea-pigs as shown by the accumulation of ascorbic acid in the intestinal mucosal cells of guinea-pigs.
Caviidae
Scurvy
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency
New guinea
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