Luís Fernando Aranha CamargoGL BücheleAlexandre R. MarraRuy Guilherme Rodrigues CalJorge Henrique Bento de SousaFrancielle Nunes MachadoAna Maria Cristina B. SogayarV MichelsE SilvaMarinês Dalla Valle MartinoE KnobelLuiz Ernesto Besen Poli
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Abstract:
Central venous catheters (CVC) are frequently used in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. A wide number of strategies have been studied to prevent colonization and infection related to CVC. One of them is the use of antimicrobial-impregnated catheters, but a positive effect has been shown primarily for triple-lumen catheters.Keywords:
Central venous catheter
[Objective] The study was to explore whether antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial peptides extracted from immunized Tenebrio molitor varied with different pathogens as inducers.[Method]By inducing T.molitor hungry larvaes to generate immune response via feeding with bacteria and with fungi or actinomycete post to pricking,the antimicrobial peptides extracts were obtained by grinding and centrifuging the cultures.Its antimicrobial activity against 26 pathogens was measured by bacteriostatic ring,and evaluated by trisection to four types and inhibitory spectrum.[Result]Both the antimicrobial activity and antimicrobial spectrum of the antimicrobial peptides extracts varied remarkably among different pathogens as inducers.[Conclusion]Bio-control used strains have obvious advantage in inducing the insect to express body fluid immunity material-antimicrobial peptides.
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To obtain strong activity antimicrobial agent,the antimicrobial properties of Gemini antimicrobial agents(C1,C2,C3 and C4) were evaluated by quantifying the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC),n-dodecyl-trimethylammonium bromide(DTAB) as a comparison.The results indicated that these Gemini antimicrobial agents against S.aurueus,E.coli and C.albicans were superior to DTAB.The MIC of C2 against S.aurueus and E.coli were 1.5 μg·L-1 and 3.91 μg·L-1,respectively.The MIC of C4 against C.albicans was 3.91 μg·L-1.these Gemini antimicrobial agents exhibited improved activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as yeast.Their antimicrobial properties rely on the Gemini molecular structures with longer length of main-chain,full-chain and R groups,their antimicrobial activities are stronger,and fluorinated alkyl groups can markedly improve their antimicrobial properties compared with the same hydrocarbon one.
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Objective To evaluate the antimicrobial agents usage in a hospital. Methods Forty patients’ medical records were selected for retrospective analysis, patients were discharged in the year of 1998 and 2000 respectively. Results In 1998, antimicrobial resistant rate was higher, 96.25% of patients received antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial cost accounted for 52.38% of the total hospitalization expense; most antimicrobial agents were for treatment, the majority of patients received two kinds of antimicrobial agents simultaneously; in 2002, 93.54% of patients received antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial cost accounted for 50.47% , most antimicrobial agents were for treatment, and majority of patients only received one kind of antimicrobial drugs. There was significant difference in the total usage rate of antimicrobial agents between two surveys. Conclusion Target surveillance on antimicrobial agents usage should be carried out to reduce the overuse of antimicrobial agents and decrease the bacterial resistance.
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[Objective] The study was to explore whether antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial peptides extracted from immunized Tenebrio molitor vary with different pathogens as inducers.[Method] By inducing hungry T.molitor larvaes to generate immune response via feeding with bacteria and with fungi or actinomycete after pricking,the antimicrobial peptide extract was obtained by grinding and centrifuging the cultures.Its antimicrobial activity against 26 pathogens was measured by bacteriostatic ring,and evaluated by trisection to four types and inhibitory spectrum.[Result] Both the antimicrobial activity and antimicrobial spectrum of the antimicrobial peptide extract varied remarkably among different pathogens as inducers.[Conclusion] Bio-control used strains have obvious advantage in inducing the insect to express body fluid immunity material-antimicrobial peptides.
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Some hemodialysed patients need definitive central venous catheterization. One of the main complications is catheter infection, and each infection must be treated. We report a case of an unusual cause of central venous catheter (CVC) infection: physical examination and catheter opacification demonstrated two pin-holes in the catheter. It was possible to salvage the catheter following a treatment regimen combining systemic antibiotics, antibiotic locks, fibrinolytics, and removal of a catheter segment.
Central venous catheter
Bacteremia
Regimen
Venous access
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A new series of substituted 2-mercapto-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-iodo-3H-quinazolin-4-ones was prepared and screened for antimicrobial activity. Compounds 11, 13, 17, and 18 showed a remarkably broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and could be useful as templates for further development through modification or derivatization to design more potent antimicrobial agents. A detailed synthesis of new 2-mercaptoquinazolinones and their antimicrobial screening are reported.
Broad spectrum
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Objective: To investigate the problems in the usage of antimicrobial agents in a hospital and provide guidan-ce for the rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic. Methods: Antimicrobial usage in patients who were discharged from hospital in January,2006 was analysed retrospectively by medical record reviewing. Results: 1 379 of 1 780 discharged patients (77.47%) used antimicrobial agents ,47.50% were for preventive administration;234(16.97%) patients used only1 kind of antimicrobial agent.The commonly used antimicrobial agents were the third generation cephalosporins, quinolones, penicillins, 52.57% of patients used antimicrobial agents for less than 7 days and 27.41% for more than 14 days.Samples from only 7.11% of patients used antimicrobial agents were performed antimicrobial susceptibility test. Conclusions: Some patients used antimicrobial agents irrationally ,detection rates of samples for antimicrobial susceptibillty test was low ,the usage of antimicrobial agents should be paid attention.[
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Thirty-eight permanent central venous catheters were introduced in 28 children as part of the intensive chemotherapeutic treatment for malignant disease. These catheters were employed partly for administration of medicine and partly for sampling blood for control. The total duration of life with a catheter was 7,303 days. On an average, 27 chemotherapeutic agents were administered, 172 supplementary injections and 56 blood samples were performed via the central venous catheter per child. In the present investigation, a frequency of infection of 0.27/100 catheter days was found and an incidence of non-infectious complications resulting in removal of the catheter or adjustment of the catheter of 0.16/100 catheter days. The authors consider that employment of a permanent central venous catheter in paediatric oncology represents considerable progress and that this should be employed in all children to be submitted to prolonged treatment with cancer chemotherapy.
Central venous catheter
Pediatric Oncology
Malignant disease
Venous access
Indwelling catheter
Blood sampling
Venous blood
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Diphenyl ether
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Background The placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) as a very important technique of diagnosis and treatment has drawn widespread attention of doctors and nurses in clinic.More and more studies indicate that the CVC tip position is very important,and the catheter malposition can cause serious complications.Objective To summarize the methods for locating the CVC tip position and provide a potential theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment CVC related complications.Content The CVC-related complications can be effectively reduced through monitoring the CVC tip position.Studies have found that locating the catheter tip position is very important for CVC use.Trend To explore the correlationships among catheter depth,height and weight through locating the CVC tip position,and then develop a formula through statistical analysis.
Key words:
Central venous catheter; The catheter tip position; Complications
Central venous catheter
Position (finance)
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