Immunoreactive somatostatin in Warthin's tumor.
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Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Adenolymphoma
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Background: Salivary gland tumours are relatively uncommon and constitute 3% to 10% of all head & neck neoplasms. The majority of salivary gland tumours arise in the parotid gland. Objectives: To search the clinicopathological presentation of salivary gland tumours. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. Results: The highest incidence of benign tumors was in the 3rd and 4th decade, whereas for malignant tumor it was the 5thdecade of life. Among 47 male patients, 72.3% had benign and 27.7% cases had malignant tumours. Out of 40 female patients 45% cases had benign and 55% cases had malignant tumours. With overall male: female ratio was 1.2:1. Among parotid gland tumours 62.32% had benign and 37.68% cases had malignant tumours. Out of 12 submandibular gland tumours 41.67% cases had benign and 58.33% cases had malignant tumours. Among 35 malignant tumours, 12 Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, the majority occurred in the parotid gland 10(83.3%) followed by submandibular gland 1(8.3%) and minor salivary glands 1(8.3%). Out of 11 cases reported as Adenoid cystic carcinoma, the majority involved submandibular gland 6(54.5%) followed by parotid gland 4(36.4%). Conclusion: Benign salivary gland tumours are more common than malignant ones. There is male preponderance in the incidence of salivary gland tumours. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most frequently encountered tumour among all salivary gland tumours. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 28(1): 96-102
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Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Histopathology
Cystadenoma
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Over a period of 21 years 295 primary salivary gland epithelial tumours were collected and studied. These tumours constituted 2.8% of all head and neck tumours seen at the University College Hospital. Ibadan, over the same period. Two hundred and one (68.1%) were in the major glands and 94 (31.9%) were in the minor intra-oral glands, with the parotid and palatal glands being most frequently involved. There was no statistically significant difference in the sex ratio, and the incidence of tumour gradually increased with age to a peak during the 4th decade. Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest benign lesion while mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinomas were the common malignant lesions seen, and were more prevalent in older males. Unlike in other African studies, adenolymphoma, acinic cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma types were all identified.
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Minor Salivary Glands
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To clarify the diagnostic significance of abnormal venous structures present in salivary gland tumors, we examined 21 pleomorphic adenomas, 14 Warthin tumors, 1 oncocytic adenoma, 3 myoepitheliomas, 7 basal cell adenomas, 5 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and 6 adenoid cystic carcinomas. Verhoeffvan Gieson staining was carried out and the morphology of the veins within the tumors was observed microscopically. Branching veins, thickened intima of the veins, discontinuous elastic membrane and multilayered elastic membrane were seen in 71.4%, 76.2%, 47.6% and 85.7% of pleomorphic adenomas, respectively, and were abundant and easily found in most cases. The abnormal venous structures were also found in other salivary gland tumors examined, but they were few in number and lacked variety. Elastic fibers extending radially into the surrounding stroma were seen in 66.7% of pleomorphic adenomas, and were not seen in other salivary gland tumors. Our results showed that a variety of abnormal venous structures are more abundant and more easily found in pleomorphic adenoma compared with other salivary gland tumors, and, in particular, that perivascular radiating elastic fibers are characteristic of pleomorphic adenoma. We emphasize that the presence of perivascular radiating elastic fibers may be helpful in diagnosing pleomorphic adenoma in small biopsy specimens.
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Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) was analyzed immunohistochemically in parotid gland tissue. This antigen, which is generally regarded as a proliferative antigen, was detected in the ductal system of the normal parotid gland. Parotid gland tumors were analyzed as well: pleomorphic adenomas; cystadenolymphomas; adenoid cystic carcinomas, and mucoepidermoid tumors. TPA could be found in distinct parts of every kind of tumor. However, apart from the TPA-positive cells, negative cells could be observed. The implications of these investigations are discussed.
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Objective: To investigate clinicopathological characteristics of salivary gland epithelial tumours.Methods: 2489 cases of salivary gland epithelial tumours were statistically analysed.Results: Adenoid cystic carcinoma,mucoepidermoid carcinoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma were the mostly encountered three types in 840 cases of malignant epithelial tumours,while pleomorphic adenoma,Warthin tumour and basal cell adenoma were the mostly encountered three types in 1649 cases of benign epithelial tumours.The ratio of male to female of malignant and benign epithelial tumours was 1.13:1 and 0.99:1,respectively.The average age of malignant and benign epithelial tumours was 47.86 and 44.86 years old,respectively.Parotid gland and palate were the most common locations of salivary gland epithelial tumours.Conclusion: Adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma are the most common type of salivary gland malignant and benign epithelial tumours,respectively.
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The aim of this study is to analyze the utility of immunohistochemical markers such as CD117 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) in the diagnosis of various benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms.The study comprises 17 samples categorized into three groups: Group I consisted of 5 histopathologically normal salivary gland tissue; Group II comprised 7 cases, of which 3 cases were pleomorphic adenoma, 3 cases were myoepithelioma and 1 case was Warthin's tumor; and Group III consisted of 5 cases, of which 1 was mucoepidermoid carcinoma and 4 cases were adenoid cystic carcinoma. The selected cases were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure to assess the expression pattern of CD117 and SMA.In SMA, 85.8% showed severe-to-moderate intense expression among the tumor cells in benign salivary gland tumor. All the 5 malignant tumors showed the expression of SMA and 3 cases demonstrated severe expression among the tumor cells. An intense expression pattern of SMA was observed in both benign and malignant neoplasms in the periphery and stromal components of the tumor. Only two cases were positive for CD117, and connective tissue components were completely negative in both malignant and benign salivary gland neoplasms.Alpha-SMA can be utilized as reliable IHC markers for salivary gland neoplasms due to its diagnostic importance in tumors with myoepithelial origin indicative of the histogenesis of salivary gland tumors.
CD117
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Myoepithelioma
Histogenesis
Adenolymphoma
Mixed tumor
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Adenoid
Myoepithelioma
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Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the neoplastic cells of acinic cell carcinomas arising in the human parotid gland was found immunohistochemically, whereas other parotid gland tumors, such as pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin's tumor, oxyphilic adenoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma, did not show positive immunoreactivity for VIP. The acinic cell carcinoma stained with Grimelius impregnation and had dense core granules immunoreactive with anti-VIP serum. Moreover, a comparatively high concentration of immunoreactive VIP was detected by radioimmunoassay in an acinic cell carcinoma, whereas VIP concentration of the other tumors was undetectable.
Acinic cell carcinoma
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Adenolymphoma
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