Fatores ambientais e hospitalizações em crianças menores de cinco anos com asma Environmental factors and hospitalizations in children under five years old with asthma

Introduction: the hospitalization is considered as an indicator of seriousness of asthma, principally in children under five years old. Thus, the objective was to study the association of some environmental factors with hospitalization of children with diagnosis of asthma. Methods: all the medical records (Emergency Care of Cuiaba/MT) of children younger than five years old, of both sexes, were analyzed gathered by month of attendance. It was considered two climate periods: dry (from May to October) and rainy (from November to April). The variables: temperature, relative humidity of the air; and number of heat focus (clearance of ground by fire) was considered. Results: the frequency of attendance of asthma was 12.2% and, among the children considered with asthma, the necessity of hospitalization was 10.7%, rate was higher than the children with other diagnosis (4.9%; p 0.05). Conclusion: the results show that the period considered as dry are interfering on the tax of hospitalization of the children studied and the environmental factors studied were considered not able to predict hospitalization for asthma.