Understanding the differentiation and epigenetics of cochlear sensory progenitors in pursuit of regeneration.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sensory hair cells (HCs) of the inner ear are responsible for our ability to hear and balance. Loss of these cells results in hearing loss. Stem cell replacement and in situ regeneration have the potential to replace lost HCs. Newly discovered contributions of transcription factor regulatory networks and epigenetic mechanisms in regulating HC differentiation and regeneration are placed into context of the literature. RECENT FINDINGS A wealth of new data has helped to define cochlear sensory progenitors in their developmental trajectories. This includes transcription factor networks, epigenetic manipulations, and cochlear HC subtype specification. SUMMARY Understanding how sensory progenitors differ and how HC subtypes arise will substantially inform efforts in hearing restoration.