Chapter 23 – Clinical Aspects of Regenerative Medicine: Tendon, Ligament, and Joint

Platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow concentrate (BMC) offer promise for tendon and ligament disorders as well as joint disease. Platelet-rich plasma seems to work best in mild to moderate pathology in active individuals, with early intervention being most optimal. For patients with severe musculoskeletal disease, more powerful biologic therapies such as BMC are applied. With its mesenchymal and hematopoetic stem cell populations and abundant growth factors, BMC therapy exhibits immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, chondrogenic, and proliferative qualities.