Identification and function of cAMP response element binding protein in Oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi

Abstract Cyclic AMP response element binding (CREB) proteins participate in the regulation of many biological processes. However, little is known about their role in immune regulation in the Oak silkworm ( Antheraea pernyi ). In this study, a CREB gene was identified in A. pernyi and its role in immune regulation was investigated. ApCREB shares conserved signature motifs with other CREB proteins, and includes a typical leucine zipper domain, specific DNA-binding site, nuclear localisation signal (NLS) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site. Recombinant ApCREB was expressed in Escherichia coli and used to raise rabbit anti-ApCREB polyclonal antibodies. ApCREB mRNA was detected in all examined tissues, with maximum expression in the midgut and integument. Following exposure to four pathogenic microorganisms ( Beauveria bassiana, Escherichia coli , Micrococcus luteus, and Antheraea pernyi nuclear polyhedrosis virus), expression of ApCREB was up-regulated by B. bassiana , E. coli and ApNPV, down-regulated by M. luteus . RNA interference of ApCREB affected mRNA expression levels of antimicrobial peptide genes attacin-1, cecropin B, defensin-1, gloverin, and lebocin-2. These findings demonstrate that ApCREB is a CREB homologue that may be involved in innate immunity in A. pernyi.