The virome in Hematology; stem cell transplantation and beyond

Abstract The virome has been recently studied in hematology and mostly in the setting of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, in hematology (as in the setting of non-hematological disorders) the study of the microbiome (that indeed includes the virome) is a growing field. The overall field is moving beyond species catalogue to the understanding of the complex ecological relationship that microbes have with each other and with their host. Here we review the existing literature on the virome in transplant recipients and in other settings, and discuss potential applications of the virome study in hematology.