[Fusarium solani infection in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: case report and literature review].

Objective To study Fusarium solani infection as a complication in patients after allogeneic hemotopoietic stem cell transplantation and to discuss the diagnosis and appropriate therapy. Methods Symptoms, physical examination, laboratory tests, computed tomographic(CT)scans, treatments and outcomes of Fusarium solani infection in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hemotopoietic stem cell transplantation were retrospectively analyzed, and related literatures reviewed. Results The patient developed pulmonary infiltration and systemic multiple subcutaneous masses after allogeneic hemotopoietic stem cell transplantation. Tissue biopsy smear showed a large number of hyphae and spores, and fungal culture grew Fusarium solani. The subcutaneous masses were incised and drained, while amphotericin B and voriconazole were administered, with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF)for hematopoietic recovery. The patient was discharge after full recovery. Conclusion Fusarium solani infection is a rare but fatal complication after allogeneic hemotopoietic stem cell transplantation. Once the skin lesions or subcutaneous masses developed, tissue smear and culture should be done as soon as possible. Early diagnosis and effective treatment to recovery of the patient after allogeneic hemotopoietic stem cell transplant. Moreover, the recovery of adequate neutrophil levels is the most important factor in the resolution of fusarial infection. Key words: Hemotopoietic stem cell transplant; Fusarium; Dermatomycoses