Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan-Silk Fibroin Based Composite Film as Bone Tissue Regeneration Material

The composite film prepared from a combination of biomaterials such as natural, ceramic, and synthetic polymers can support the growth of different types of tissues. Silk fibroin (SF) used in this study is extracted from ecorace of Tasar cocoon (Railey, Daba, and Baraf), which is locally available in our State (Chhattisgarh). The silk fibroin from these three different ecoraces was allowed to blend with hydroxyapatite (HAP) and chitosan (CS). According to the literature, SF and CS are nontoxic, non-immunogenic, biodegradable, and biocompatible. Whereas hydroxyapatite (HAP) possesses good biocompatibility with bone tissue and have the property of osteoconductivity. Hence, this tri-composite film unites both organic and inorganic components to promote osteoinduction and osteoconduction property in an ideal configuration. The structural characterization of the film was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), SEM techniques, and the hemocompatibility of the composite film was calculated to test the compatibility of the constructed film. It is expected that the resulting film when seeded with mesenchymal stem cells would become a highly functional bone tissue substitute and further optimization work will be done to achieve this goal.