Development of glucose intolerance in male transgenic mice overexpressing human glycogen synthase kinase-3β on a muscle-specific promoter

Abstract Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) protein levels and activity are elevated in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes, and inversely correlated with both glycogen synthase activity and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. To explore this relationship, we have produced transgenic mice that overexpress human GSK-3β in skeletal muscle. GSK-3β transgenic mice were heavier, by up to 20% ( P P