Fungicides alter the distribution and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in ginseng fields.

Present study was focuses on comparation of four typical fungicides in ginseng field to evaluated the impact of the different fungicides on the soil bacterial and fungal communities' composition and diversity by using high-throughput sequencing. Five treatments were designed and comprise carbendazim (D), dimethyl disulfide (E), dazomet (M), calcium cyanamide (S) and control (C). The application of fungicide obviously altered the dominant fungal and bacterial communities' distribution and remarkably decreased the diversity (1099-763 and 6457-2245). The most abundant Proteobacteria obvious degenerate in fungicides treated soil and minimum in E (0.09%) compare with control (25.72%). The relative abundance of Acidobacteria was reduced from 27.76 (C) to 7.14% after apply fungicide and minimum in E. The phylum Actinobacteria are both decomposers of organic matter and enemies of soil-borne pathogens, elevated from 11.62 to 51.54% and highest in E. The fungi community mainly distributed into Ascomycota that enriched from 66.09 to 88.21% and highest in M and E (88.21 and 85.10%), and Basidiomycota reduced from 21.13 to 3.23 % and lowest in M and E (5.27 and 3.23%). Overall, environmentally related fungicides decreased the diversity and altered the composition of bacterial and fungal communities, highest sensitivity present in dimethyl disulfide treated soil.