Genotoxicity and Hemocompatibility of a Novel Calcium Aluminate-Based Cement (EndoBinder)

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the genotoxicity and hemocompatibility of a novel calcium aluminate-based cement, EndoBinder (EB) (Binderware, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil) and compare it with Angelus White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) (AWMTA) (Angelus, Solucoes Odontologicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil). Methods: For evaluation of genotoxicity, a comet assay was performed with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that had been grown for 24 h in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium incubated with each of the cements for 24 h at 37°C. DNA percentage in head and Olive tail moment were analyzed. For assessment of hemocompatibility, erythrocyte lysis quantification, and concentration of plasma fibrinogen were determined in human blood samples placed in contact with each of the materials. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Tukey test and Student t-test were used for data analysis of genotoxicity and hemocompatibility, respectively. Results: Results showed that the genotoxic effects of EB and AWMTA were comparable to that of the negative control, with no statistically significant differences between AWMTA and negative control (P>0.05). Compared to AWMTA, EB showed greater hemolytic potential when placed in direct contact with erythrocytes (P<0.05). Fibrinogen values were low for both materials, with protein concentration being greater in samples exposed to EB than to AWMTA. Conclusion: Both materials presented a higher hemolytic behaviour compared to what is established by international standards. Fibrinogen formation was low for both materials, and DNA damage induction was not observed in a comet assay.