Development of S-Parameter Calibration System for Type-N, $75-\Omega$ Connector Below 12 GHz

This paper describes a primary scattering parameter (S-parameter) measurement standard and a calibration system based on precision coaxial airlines with Type-N, $75-\Omega $ (Type-N75) connectors. The primary standard and calibration system can calibrate a device under test at frequencies below 12 GHz. The dimensional measurements of the airline diameters and lengths are performed accurately using the standard dimensional measurement system at the National Metrology Institute of Japan. Furthermore, a small insertion loss was measured in the microwave-frequency regions. The primary standard and the calibration system are the first of their kinds to undertake the establishment of S-parameter measurement traceability below 12 GHz for Type-N75 [1] coaxial lines, to the best of our knowledge.