Photon-integrated-circuit-based instantaneous microwave frequency measurement device and method

The invention discloses a photon-integrated-circuit-based instantaneous microwave frequency measurement device and a photon-integrated-circuit-based instantaneous microwave frequency measurement method. The device comprises a laser device, a photon integrated circuit, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector and a microwave amplitude comparison and signal processing module. The method comprises that: after laser enters the integrated circuit, the laser is divided into two paths, and the two paths of laser are controlled by microwave signals respectively to obtain opposite phase modulation; the upper path of signals and partial lower path of signals are subjected to laser synthesis to form strength signals a; the rest lower path of signals are converted into strength signals b through a waveguide grating; the two signals a and b pass through the photoelectric detectors and then undergo amplitude comparison; and because the response of the waveguide grating is designed into linearity, the monitored parameter and the microwave frequency have a single mapping relationship (direct ratio), so that instantaneous measurement of the frequency of the signals to be measured is realized. The device has largest measurement range under given measurement precision, is calibrated only by a single frequency source, and can measure the central frequency of pulse signals. The device has the advantages of small volume, high reliability, low complexity and the like.