In corporating rugged topography and near-surface velocity anomalies in PSDM

The severe variations of the time move-out among traces and the low SNR are the direct causes of difficulties in rugged topography field data processing. In this study, we first analysis the causes of move-out among traces and the difference effect on velocity estimation and seismic imaging caused by difference components of the move-out. Then we come to some conclusions: (1) The high wavenumber move-out cannot be dealt with by PSDM and it should be eliminated before imaging (2) The low wavenumber move-out can be incorporated into subsequent velocity estimation and imaging process. Numerical experiment results verify the correctness of our ideas and the effectiveness of our method.