Estrés oxidativo y función espermática

Oxidative stress is determined by the balance between the generation and degradation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the tissues. The ROS are produced by a variety of semen components, including immotile or morphologically abnormal spermatozoa, leukocytes, and morphologically normal but functionally abnormal spermatozoa. One the effects of excessive ROS production, is the cellular membrane alteration, due to lipid peroxidation (LPO) which is a very important pathophysiological process occurring in numerous diseases and stress conditions, and it usually results in a cascade of profound degradative processes, affecting the organization and function of biological membranes. The membranes of the human spermatozoon contain a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, therefore they are susceptible to the lipid peroxidation damage. ROS have a variety of affects on the spermatic cells. This is a very controversial subject, and it is one of the reasons for this article, reviewing some of the biochemical aspects related to ROS production, diagnostic methods, and associated pathologies to these compounds.