Determination of sulfides and thiols in petroleum distillates using solid-phase extraction and derivatization with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride

An improved method for differentiating sulfides, thiophenes, and thiols in petroleum distillates is presented. Thiophenes are separated from sulfides and thiols via solid-phase extraction. Reaction with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride is employed to form thiol esters, while sulfides do not react. Thiol elution times increase sufficiently after derivatization to provide separation from sulfides during gas chromatographic analysis. In addition, electron impact mass spectra of derivatized thiols exhibit an intense, characteristic 195 fragment ion, which aids in their identification.