Two year outcome in treatment-naive patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using an individualized regimen of Aflibercept

Summary Purpose To evaluate the 2 year visual and anatomical results of intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) in nAMD in treatment-naive eyes in real life using a flexible regimen combining a PRN and modified treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen. Patients and methods This is a retrospective study including 48 eyes of 38 patients with nAMD treated with aflibercept as first line therapy. The modified T&E protocol consisted of a loading phase with 3 monthly IAI followed by an adaptation phase during which patients were monitored and treated as needed at the same visit from week 12 to week 32, then a T&E phase per se, for which the treatment interval was determined based on history of disease recurrence. Results A total of 48 eyes were included. Visual acuity at baseline was 57.3 ± 16 letters. Visual gain was 6 ± 12 letters at 1 year and 5.2 ± 11 letters at 2 years. At the 2-year end point, 94.3% of eyes maintained visual acuity and 71.4% of eyes had ≥ 70 letters. Reduction of central macular thickness, macular volume and pigment epithelium detachment height was observed after the loading phase, at 1 and 2 years compared to baseline. Complete resolution of fluid was obtained in 78% of eyes after the loading phase, in 68% of eyes at 1 year and in 62.8% of eyes at 2 years. Subfoveal choroidal thickness remained stable during the study. The surface area of the neovascular lesion was reduced at 1 year. The mean number of IAI was 6 IVT (3–11) during the first year and 3.2 IVT (0–13) during the second year. Conclusion Aflibercept is effective in real life in treatment-naive eyes at two years. A personalized regimen of IAI for neovascular AMD produced good functional and anatomical outcome over 2 years, with a lower number of injections than in the pivotal studies.