Sub-fJ/Bit Operation of 100 GBd Plasmonic IQ Modulators

A 100 GBd QPSK (200 Gbit/s) plasmonic IQ modulator operating with sub-1V drive voltages and low 0.6 fJ/bit electrical energy consumption is shown. Furthermore, 100 GBd 16QAM (400 Gbit/s) operation with 2 fJ/bit is demonstrated.