Modificações paisagísticas e implicações térmicas no distrito administrativo de Belém, Pará

Landscaping modifications in land use and land cover may cause changes in the dynamics of ecosystems and in the local climate. Therefore, the aim was to verify if the land use and coverage pattern contribute to the existence and/or increasing of heat islands in the district of Mosqueiro-PA. Qualitative data were collected took place through non-formal interviews with residentes to know the ways of using and managing the properties. The quantitative data were obtained through thematic images of the island corresponding to the less rainy period of the region in the years of 2010, 2013 and 2015. The classification of land use and land cover in Mosqueiro island followed the unsupervised criterion. The surface temperature data (TS) were obtained by averages of spectral radiance values of thermal band of the Landsat satellites. The heat island determination considered the resultant of the temperature difference between the urban and forest area. In the period from 2010 to 2015, there was a reduction of 9.1% in forest area due to the increase in urban infrastructure and deforestation in the region, which is supported by the perception of sites residents. These modifications resulted in changes in TS, with an average increase of 5.15 °C, even though the occurrence of heat island in the urban space of the island was not detected. Accordingly, it is concluded that TS variations are entirely related to changes in land use and land cover classes on the island and that it tends to intensify without adequate environmental planning.