Electrospun Antimicrobial Polylactic Acid/Tea Polyphenol Nanofibers for Food-Packaging Applications

The development of new bioactive food-packaging materials that extend the shelf life of food is an important objective. Herein, we report the fabrication of four polylactic acid/tea polyphenol (PLA/TP) composite nanofibers, with PLA/TP ratios of 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, and 2:1, by electrospinning. The morphological quality of each sample was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and samples with higher TP content were found to be deeper in color. The samples were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to confirm the presence of TP. Examination of the mechanical properties of these fibers revealed that the presence of TP decreased both tensile strength and elongation at break; however, this decrease was only slight for the PLA/TP-3:1 composite fiber. The addition of TP influenced the hydrophilic–hydrophobic property and release behavior of the composite fibers, which significantly improved the antioxidant behavior of these samples, with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging capacities of up to 95.07% ± 10.55% observed. Finally, antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus of up to 92.26% ± 5.93% and 94.58% ± 6.53%, respectively, were observed for the PLA/TP-3:1 composite fiber. The present study demonstrated that PLA/TP composite nanofibers can potentially be used for food-packaging applications that extend food shelf life.